Gimnig J E, Ombok M, Kamau L, Hawley W A
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kisumu.
J Med Entomol. 2001 Mar;38(2):282-8. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585-38.2.282.
A longitudinal survey of mosquito larval habitats was carried out in Asembo Bay, western Kenya, during the rainy season of 1998. All pools of standing water along a 700-m transect were sampled twice per week. For each habitat, eight environmental variables were recorded and a sample of anopheline larvae was collected for identification. In total, 1,751 Anopheles gambiae s.l. and 2,784 Anopheles funestus Giles were identified. Identification of An. gambiae s.l. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) indicated that 240 (14.7%) were An. gambiae Giles and 858 (52.4%) were An. arabiensis Patton; PCR failed to identify 539 (32.9%) specimens. Repeated measures logistic regression analysis indicated that An. gambiae and An. arabiensis larvae were associated with small, temporary habitats with algae and little or no aquatic vegetation. Anopheles funestus larvae were associated with larger, semipermanent bodies of water containing aquatic vegetation and algae. Direct comparison of habitat characteristics associated with either An. gambiae or An. arabiensis revealed that algae were associated more commonly with habitats containing An. gambiae; no other differences were detected. Chi-square analysis indicated that these species were collected from the same habitat more frequently than would be expected by chance alone. Together, these results indicate that An. gambiae and An. arabiensis have similar requirements for the larval environment and that, at least in western Kenya, they do not segregate into separate habitats.
1998年雨季期间，在肯尼亚西部的阿森博湾开展了一项关于蚊虫幼虫栖息地的纵向调查。沿着一条700米长的样带，对所有积水坑每周采样两次。对于每个栖息地，记录八个环境变量，并采集按蚊幼虫样本进行鉴定。总共鉴定出1751只冈比亚按蚊复合组和2784只富氏按蚊。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）对冈比亚按蚊复合组进行鉴定，结果显示240只（14.7%）为冈比亚按蚊，858只（52.4%）为阿拉伯按蚊；PCR未能鉴定出539只（32.9%）样本。重复测量逻辑回归分析表明，冈比亚按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊幼虫与小型、临时性且有藻类、水生植被很少或没有水生植被的栖息地有关。富氏按蚊幼虫与含有水生植被和藻类的较大型、半永久性水体有关。对与冈比亚按蚊或阿拉伯按蚊相关的栖息地特征进行直接比较发现，藻类更常与含有冈比亚按蚊的栖息地有关；未检测到其他差异。卡方分析表明，这些物种从同一栖息地被采集到的频率高于仅由偶然因素预期的频率。这些结果共同表明，冈比亚按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊对幼虫环境有相似的要求，并且至少在肯尼亚西部，它们不会分隔到不同的栖息地。
