Eisenberg M, Ranger-Moore J, Taylor K A, Hall R A, Brown J, Lee H
Department of Sociology, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson 85719, USA.
J Community Health. 2001 Feb;26(1):23-37. doi: 10.1023/a:1026585030568.
This is a report of a pre- and post-intervention telephone survey to track changes in workplace tobacco policy in Pima County, Arizona, from 1997 to 1999. During this period, an extensive effort was made to assist workplaces to establish and enforce formal tobacco use policies. A random sample of 1134 workplaces, stratified by workforce size, was surveyed in 1997. Complete interviews were conducted with 934 (82.4%) workplaces. All 934 workplaces were contacted for the follow-up survey that was conducted in 1999. Of these, 824 (88.2%) completed follow-up surveys. The analyses presented were conducted on businesses that were included in both the baseline and follow-up surveys, and that reported having at least one employee on-site (n = 813). Tobacco policies and smoke-free policies were more likely to be found in larger businesses and businesses with a predominantly female workforce. There was no clear policy progression from having no policy, to having a policy, to becoming smoke-free. There was a small but significant overall decrease (4.8%) in the proportion of businesses having policies in the last two years. We found that 10.3% (75) of businesses that had policies in 1997 had dropped their policies by 1999, and that 13.4% (73) of worksites that were smoke-free in 1997 retained tobacco policies but were not smoke-free in 1999. However, formalization of policy in writing and the number of enforcement strategies utilized increased. These findings suggest that efforts to encourage businesses to establish workplace tobacco policies must be sustained even after policies have been established.
这是一份关于1997年至1999年亚利桑那州皮马县工作场所烟草政策变化的干预前后电话调查的报告。在此期间,为协助工作场所制定和执行正式的烟草使用政策付出了巨大努力。1997年对1134个工作场所进行了随机抽样调查,按劳动力规模分层。对934个(82.4%)工作场所进行了完整访谈。1999年对所有934个工作场所进行了后续调查。其中,824个(88.2%)完成了后续调查。所呈现的分析是针对基线调查和后续调查均涵盖且报告至少有一名员工在现场的企业进行的(n = 813)。烟草政策和无烟政策在规模较大的企业以及女性劳动力占主导的企业中更常见。从没有政策到有政策再到实现无烟,并没有明确的政策发展进程。在过去两年中,有政策的企业比例总体略有但显著下降(4.8%)。我们发现,1997年有政策的企业中有10.3%(75家)到1999年放弃了其政策,1997年无烟的工作场所中有13.4%(73家)保留了烟草政策但在1999年并非无烟。然而,政策书面形式的正规化以及所采用的执行策略数量有所增加。这些发现表明,即使在政策已经制定之后,鼓励企业制定工作场所烟草政策的努力也必须持续下去。