Biloukha O, Utermohlen V
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2001 Apr;4(2):207-15. doi: 10.1079/phn200059.
To identify the major perceived influences on food choice, to examine the use of and trust in information sources concerning healthy eating, and to assess attitudes towards and barriers to adopting healthy eating practices in a post-USSR country (Ukraine).
A survey of an urban adult population. The questions were adopted from the Pan-European Union (EU) Survey of Consumer Attitudes to Food, Nutrition and Health (1995-1996).
Lviv city, Ukraine.
The survey included 296 adults (84 males, 212 females) aged 18-55 years; they were primarily college students and subjects with tertiary education--the groups most likely to be both interested in healthy eating and affected by current socioeconomic downturns.
The major factors in food choice were: 'quality/freshness' (cited by 80%), 'price' (58%) and 'taste' (47%); only 34% cited 'trying to eat healthily'. More older people cited 'price' than 'quality/freshness', and men were more likely than women to cite 'taste'. Sources of healthy eating information included: 'relatives/friends' (cited by 65%, trusted by 85%) and health professionals (trusted by 92%, but used by only 35%); while advertising was the least trusted source (cited by 28%). Fifty-three per cent of respondents considered their diet to be healthy enough without further changes; 50% thought of the nutritional aspects of the food they ate; fewer women than men considered their diet healthy, and more women than men thought about nutrition. Barriers to healthy eating included: 'cost' (cited by 65%), 'lack of time' (55%), 'self-control' (54%), 'selection influences' (41%), 'lack of knowledge' (32%), 'unpleasant foods' and 'resistance to change' (both 30%).
Strategies to encourage healthy eating in this population should involve word-of-mouth nutrition education concerning low-cost healthy alternatives.
确定影响食物选择的主要认知因素，研究有关健康饮食的信息来源的使用情况和信任度，并评估前苏联国家（乌克兰）对采用健康饮食习惯的态度和障碍。
对城市成年人口进行的一项调查。问题取自泛欧盟（EU）消费者对食品、营养和健康态度调查（1995 - 1996年）。
乌克兰利沃夫市。
该调查包括296名年龄在18 - 55岁的成年人（84名男性，212名女性）；他们主要是大学生和受过高等教育的人群——这些群体最有可能既对健康饮食感兴趣，又受到当前社会经济衰退的影响。
食物选择的主要因素为：“质量/新鲜度”（80%的人提到）、“价格”（58%）和“味道”（47%）；只有34%的人提到“试图健康饮食”。与“质量/新鲜度”相比，更多老年人提到“价格”，男性比女性更有可能提到“味道”。健康饮食信息来源包括：“亲戚/朋友”（65%的人提到，85%的人信任）和健康专业人士（92%的人信任，但只有35%的人使用）；而广告是最不受信任的来源（28%的人提到）。53%的受访者认为他们的饮食足够健康，无需进一步改变；50%的人会考虑所吃食物的营养方面；认为自己饮食健康的女性比男性少，考虑营养的女性比男性多。健康饮食的障碍包括：“成本”（65%的人提到）、“缺乏时间”（55%）、“自我控制”（54%）、“选择影响”（41%）、“知识缺乏”（32%）、“难吃的食物”和“抵制改变”（均为30%）。
鼓励该人群健康饮食的策略应包括关于低成本健康替代品的口碑营养教育。
