O'Doherty C A, Hall E J, Schofield L, Zeppetella G
St Joseph's Hospice, London, UK.
Palliat Med. 2001 Mar;15(2):149-54. doi: 10.1191/026921601666624292.
Subcutaneous delivery of drugs using a syringe driver is common practice within specialist palliative care units. There is, however, little documented information regarding clinical practice. A survey performed in 1992 reported that at least 28 drugs were used in combination with others in a single syringe driver. The aim of the present study was to reassess practice in this field and to enquire more specifically about newer drugs. Postal questionnaires were sent to all adult specialist palliative care in-patient units in the UK and Eire (n = 208). One hundred and sixty-five units (79%) responded. The most common syringe driver in use was the Graseby 26 (61% of responding units). Most units delivered the contents of the syringe over 24 h, and water was usually used as the diluent in 90% of cases. The maximum number of drugs that respondents were prepared to mix in a single syringe was usually three (51%) or four (35%). In the UK, all units used diamorphine in doses from 2.5 mg/24 h upwards. All respondents also used haloperidol, in doses from 0.5 to 60 mg/24 h. A total of 28 different drugs were used in syringe drivers. The most common combinations were diamorphine and midazolam (37%), diamorphine and levomepromazine (35%), diamorphine and haloperidol (33%), and diamorphine and cyclizine (31%). In conclusion, there is much in common with regard to the way in which drugs are delivered in syringe drivers. However, a wide variety of drugs and drug combinations are still in use.
在专科姑息治疗病房中，使用注射器泵进行皮下给药是常见的做法。然而，关于临床实践的文献资料却很少。1992年进行的一项调查显示，在单个注射器泵中至少有28种药物与其他药物联合使用。本研究的目的是重新评估该领域的实践情况，并更具体地询问有关新药的情况。向英国和爱尔兰的所有成人专科姑息治疗住院病房发送了邮政调查问卷（n = 208）。165个病房（79%）进行了回复。使用最普遍的注射器泵是格拉塞比26型（占回复病房的61%）。大多数病房在24小时内输注注射器内的药物，90%的情况下通常使用水作为稀释剂。受访者准备在单个注射器中混合的药物最大数量通常为三种（51%）或四种（35%）。在英国，所有病房都使用剂量从2.5毫克/24小时及以上的二醋吗啡。所有受访者也使用氟哌啶醇，剂量从0.5至60毫克/24小时。注射器泵中共使用了28种不同的药物。最常见的组合是二醋吗啡和咪达唑仑（37%）、二醋吗啡和左美丙嗪（35%）、二醋吗啡和氟哌啶醇（33%）以及二醋吗啡和赛克利嗪（31%）。总之，在注射器泵给药方式方面有很多共同之处。然而，仍有各种各样的药物和药物组合在使用。
