Galton V A, Martinez E, Hernandez A, St Germain E A, Bates J M, St Germain D L
Departments of Physiology and Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, USA.
Endocrinology. 2001 May;142(5):2123-8. doi: 10.1210/endo.142.5.8169.
Thyroid hormones are of considerable importance for vertebrate reproductive function and during development. To further assess the role of these compounds in this capacity, we examined the expression pattern of the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2), which converts T(4) to the more active hormone T(3), in the rat uterus in both the nonpregnant and the pregnant state. D2 activity was identified as the predominant, if not only, 5'-deiodinase in the nonpregnant rat uterus. The expression of D2 messenger RNA was located by in situ hybridization to the endometrial stromal cells, where the signal was particularly enriched in the region adjacent to the epithelial cells of the uterine lumen. During pregnancy, D2 activity increased, peaking on day 17 of gestation (embryonic day 17). At that time, uterine D2 activity exceeded that in the placenta, as well as that in the fetal tissues. In the earlier stages of pregnancy before placental formation (e.g. embryonic days 10-11), D2 messenger RNA in the rat uterus was located outside the decidual tissue, which was observed, as in previous studies, to highly express the inactivating type 3 deiodinase. In summary, the rat uterus, particularly during pregnancy, seems to be a site of active thyroid hormone metabolism, presumably designed to maintain the optimal thyroid hormone environment for both the fetus and the maternal uterine tissue.
甲状腺激素对脊椎动物的生殖功能及发育具有相当重要的意义。为了进一步评估这些化合物在此方面的作用，我们检测了2型碘甲状腺原氨酸脱碘酶（D2）的表达模式，该酶可将T4转化为活性更高的激素T3，检测对象为非妊娠和妊娠状态下大鼠的子宫。D2活性被确定为非妊娠大鼠子宫中主要的（即便不是唯一的）5'-脱碘酶。通过原位杂交将D2信使核糖核酸的表达定位到子宫内膜基质细胞，在子宫腔上皮细胞相邻区域信号尤为富集。在怀孕期间，D2活性增加，在妊娠第17天（胚胎第17天）达到峰值。此时，子宫D2活性超过胎盘及胎儿组织中的活性。在胎盘形成前的妊娠早期阶段（如胚胎第10 - 11天），大鼠子宫中的D2信使核糖核酸位于蜕膜组织之外，如先前研究所示，蜕膜组织高度表达失活型3脱碘酶。总之，大鼠子宫，尤其是在怀孕期间，似乎是甲状腺激素活跃代谢的场所，大概是为了维持胎儿和母体子宫组织的最佳甲状腺激素环境。
