Betensky R A, Lindsey J C, Ryan L M, Wand M P
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Biometrics. 1999 Mar;55(1):238-45. doi: 10.1111/j.0006-341x.1999.00238.x.
We propose a smooth hazard estimator for interval-censored survival data using the method of local likelihood. The model is fit using a local EM algorithm. The estimator is more descriptive than traditional empirical estimates in regions of concentrated information and takes on a parametric flavor in regions of sparse information. We derive two different standard error estimates for the smooth curve, one based on asymptotic theory and the other on the bootstrap. We illustrate the local EM method for times to breast cosmesis deterioration (Finkelstein, 1986, Biometrics 42, 845-854) and for times to HIV-1 infection for individuals with hemophilia (Kroner et al., 1994, Journal of AIDS 7, 279-286). Our hazard estimates for each of these data sets show interesting structures that would not be found using a standard parametric hazard model or empirical survivorship estimates.
我们提出了一种使用局部似然方法的区间删失生存数据平滑风险估计器。该模型使用局部期望最大化(EM)算法进行拟合。在信息集中的区域,该估计器比传统的经验估计更具描述性,而在信息稀疏的区域则具有参数化的特点。我们为平滑曲线推导了两种不同的标准误差估计,一种基于渐近理论,另一种基于自助法。我们展示了局部EM方法在乳房美容恶化时间方面的应用(芬克尔斯坦,1986年,《生物统计学》42卷,845 - 854页)以及在血友病患者HIV - 1感染时间方面的应用(克罗纳等人,1994年,《艾滋病杂志》7卷,279 - 286页)。我们对这些数据集中每个数据集的风险估计都显示出有趣的结构,而这些结构使用标准参数风险模型或经验生存估计是无法发现的。