Shearer J K, van Amstel S R
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2001 Mar;17(1):53-72. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30054-2.
Foot care and claw trimming require proper systems for restraint, sharp knives and trimming equipment, and an understanding of the biomechanics of weight bearing and hoof overgrowth in cattle. The objective of functional claw trimming is to correct hoof overgrowth, thereby re-establishing appropriate weight bearing within and between the claws of each foot. Traditional trimming methods fail to achieve these objectives. Corrective trimming procedures are applied to horn lesions affecting the claw capsule. Primary objectives of corrective trimming are to adjust weight bearing to provide rest for diseased claws and to remove loose horn and hard ridges that may cause further injury to the corium. The application of a foot block to the healthy claw is a valuable aid in foot care when corrective trimming alone is insufficient to provide needed relief from weight bearing. Finally, the use of topical treatments under a bandage is controversial. It is recommended that caustic treatments be avoided and that the use of a bandage be limited to conditions requiring hemostasis or when operators are committed to their removal within a period of 2 to 5 days depending on the level of environmental contamination.
足部护理和蹄爪修剪需要合适的保定系统、锋利的刀具和修剪设备，以及对牛负重生物力学和蹄过度生长的了解。功能性蹄爪修剪的目的是纠正蹄过度生长，从而在每只脚的蹄爪内部和之间重新建立适当的负重。传统的修剪方法无法实现这些目标。矫正修剪程序适用于影响蹄匣的角质病变。矫正修剪的主要目的是调整负重，为患病的蹄爪提供休息，并去除可能对真皮造成进一步损伤的松动角质和硬嵴。当仅靠矫正修剪不足以减轻所需的负重时，在健康的蹄爪上使用蹄垫对足部护理很有帮助。最后，在绷带下使用局部治疗存在争议。建议避免使用苛性治疗，绷带的使用应限于需要止血的情况，或根据环境污染程度，操作人员承诺在2至5天内拆除绷带的情况。
