Yong R K, Cousin M A
The Kroger Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202-1100, USA.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2001 Apr 11;65(1-2):27-38. doi: 10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00505-5.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect moulds producing aflatoxins in maize and peanuts by an antibody produced to extracellular antigen from Aspergillus parasiticus. This antibody recognized species with phenotypic similarities to A. parasiticus, A. flavus and the domesticated species A. sojae and A. oryzae. For maize samples that were naturally contaminated with aflatoxins, low and high levels of aflatoxin corresponded with low and high ELISA readings for mould antigens, respectively. Maize and peanuts inoculated with 10(2) spores ml(-1) of A. parasiticus and incubated at 15 degrees C for 18 days or 21 degrees C for 7 days were analyzed for mould antigens and aflatoxin levels. At 15 degrees C, mould antigens were detected by day 4 in maize when 0.16 ng g(-1) of aflatoxin was detected by ELISA but not by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Antigens were detected in peanuts by day 4 before aflatoxin was found. Likewise, at 21 degrees C, antigens were detected by day 4 in maize when less than 1 ng g(-1) of aflatoxin was detected by ELISA but not by TLC, but by day 2 in peanuts when no aflatoxin was detected. A. parasiticus could be detected before it could produce aflatoxins. Therefore, this ELISA shows potential as an early detection method for moulds that produce aflatoxins.
开发了一种酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA），通过针对寄生曲霉细胞外抗原产生的抗体来检测玉米和花生中产生黄曲霉毒素的霉菌。该抗体识别与寄生曲霉、黄曲霉以及驯化物种酱油曲霉和米曲霉具有表型相似性的物种。对于天然被黄曲霉毒素污染的玉米样品，低水平和高水平的黄曲霉毒素分别对应霉菌抗原的低ELISA读数和高ELISA读数。对接种了10(2)个寄生曲霉孢子ml(-1)并在15℃下孵育18天或在21℃下孵育7天的玉米和花生进行霉菌抗原和黄曲霉毒素水平分析。在15℃下，当通过ELISA检测到0.16 ng g(-1)的黄曲霉毒素但未通过薄层色谱法（TLC）检测到时，在第4天在玉米中检测到霉菌抗原。在发现黄曲霉毒素之前，在第4天在花生中检测到抗原。同样，在21℃下，当通过ELISA检测到小于1 ng g(-1)的黄曲霉毒素但未通过TLC检测到时，在第4天在玉米中检测到抗原，但在花生中，当未检测到黄曲霉毒素时，在第2天检测到抗原。在寄生曲霉能够产生黄曲霉毒素之前就可以检测到它。因此，这种ELISA显示出作为产生黄曲霉毒素的霉菌的早期检测方法的潜力。
