Aliyu Z Y, Johnson G, Scott D, Migliaccio G, Banta J
Department of Epidemiology, The George Washington University, Washignton, DC 20037, USA.
J Community Health. 2001 Apr;26(2):149-57. doi: 10.1023/a:1005233431113.
While the incidence of reportable tuberculosis in United States born persons declined, the number of cases among foreign-born persons increased by 6 percent in 1998. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) processes about 95,000 undocumented aliens annually from countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. An effort was made to establish a baseline Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) status of employees of the Division of Immigration Health (DIH) and INS, Services Processing Centers (SPC). This was achieved through a special operation (project) of a one time, two-step, mass PPD testing of all SPC employees on all eleven sites in the United States and Puerto Rico. A reading of > 10mm was considered positive. The operation was optional and open to all SPC employees. Exclusion criteria for the study included a history of PPD skin testing within six months of the operation, past history of positive PPD test and past history of tuberculosis. Preliminary results from El Paso SPC, Texas, which is the largest SPC, showed that of the 148 employees which were tested (67 percent of all employees), 17 (11 percent) were PPD positive. Security officers constituted 100 percent of all positive cases. Eighty-one percent of the employees at El Paso are security officers, eighty-seven percent of whom participated in the study. Only 20 (23 percent) of administrative staff participated in the study. Results from El Paso are suggestive of differences in the pattern PPD positivity among SPC employees. The complete results of the study should provide sound evidence for formulating appropriate policies for establishing an effective employee tuberculosis prevention and surveillance program in the Service Processing Centers.
在美国出生的人群中，可报告结核病的发病率有所下降，而在外国出生的人群中，1998年的病例数增加了6%。移民与归化局（INS）每年处理约95000名来自结核病高发国家的无证外国人。移民健康司（DIH）和移民与归化局服务处理中心（SPC）开展了一项工作，以确定员工的结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物（PPD）状态基线。这是通过一项特别行动（项目）实现的，该行动一次性对美国本土及波多黎各11个地点的所有服务处理中心员工进行两步式大规模PPD检测。硬结直径>10mm被视为阳性。此次行动为自愿参与，面向所有服务处理中心员工。该研究的排除标准包括在行动前六个月内有PPD皮肤试验史、既往PPD试验阳性史和既往结核病病史。德克萨斯州埃尔帕索服务处理中心（最大的服务处理中心）的初步结果显示，在接受检测的148名员工中（占所有员工的67%），17人（11%）PPD呈阳性。所有阳性病例均为安保人员。埃尔帕索81%的员工是安保人员，其中87%参与了该研究。只有20名（23%）行政人员参与了该研究。埃尔帕索的结果表明服务处理中心员工中PPD阳性模式存在差异。该研究的完整结果应为制定适当政策提供有力依据，以便在服务处理中心建立有效的员工结核病预防和监测项目。
