Beck T
München.
Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2001 Feb;8(1):24-32. doi: 10.1159/000057191.
On the General Basis of Naturopathy and Complementary Medicine
Naturopathy and complementary medicine are discussed controversially in public: On the one hand naturopathy is increasingly accepted by the interested public, on the other hand members of the medical community display a critical or even rejecting attitude towards naturopathy. Clarification of the terminology and methods of medical science as well as of naturopathy is necessary. The goal is not only to reestablish the communication between 'classical medicine' and naturopathy but also to gain impulses for the health care system from a cooperation of both, especially with regard to cost development and the search for new solutions and therapies, for example for 'incurable' diseases.
Here we describe the different view of naturopathy on humans and their diseases and investigate the current scientific knowledge. Naturopathy often has a different, a 'holistic' basis (anthropology), a different therapeutic approach (pathogenesis, salutogenesis).
The understanding of science in today's medicine has its origin in history, therefore it is not only continuously changeable but also in need of change. On the one hand new findings from other scientific disciplines should be embraced, on the other hand especially medical science should react to the acute needs and questions of patients. Naturopathy in theory and in applied medicine proves its efficacy (different validities for different procedures). It is followed by the search for the principle of functioning (extension of science). Starting here, an extended understanding of mankind and nature and new models of disease and therapy can be developed. Also, medical ethics in the sense of naturopathy would demand as a first step the use of agents causing the least possible damage. Only when those agents fail, stronger interventions should be chosen.
Due to the necessary enhancement of scientific evaluation of naturopathy and the development of explanatory models, impulses for better therapy approaches are to be expected. Qualitative (new therapy models) and economic (cost reduction) impulses for the health care system would be the result.
基于自然疗法和补充医学的一般基础
自然疗法和补充医学在公众中存在争议性讨论：一方面，自然疗法越来越受到感兴趣的公众的接受，另一方面，医学界成员对自然疗法持批评甚至排斥的态度。有必要澄清医学科学以及自然疗法的术语和方法。目标不仅是重新建立“传统医学”与自然疗法之间的沟通，而且要从两者的合作中为医疗保健系统获取动力，特别是在成本发展以及寻找新的解决方案和疗法方面，例如针对“不治之症”。
在此，我们描述自然疗法对人类及其疾病的不同观点，并研究当前的科学知识。自然疗法通常有不同的、“整体的”基础（人类学），不同的治疗方法（发病机制、健康生成）。
当今医学对科学的理解源于历史，因此它不仅不断变化，而且需要变革。一方面，应该接纳其他科学学科的新发现，另一方面，特别是医学科学应该对患者的迫切需求和问题做出反应。自然疗法在理论和应用医学中都证明了其有效性（不同程序有不同的有效性）。随后是对其作用原理的探索（科学的扩展）。由此出发，可以发展对人类和自然的扩展理解以及新的疾病和治疗模型。此外，从自然疗法的意义上讲，医学伦理首先要求使用造成尽可能小损害的药物。只有当这些药物无效时，才应选择更强的干预措施。
由于有必要加强对自然疗法的科学评估并开发解释模型，预计会产生更好治疗方法的动力。这将为医疗保健系统带来定性（新的治疗模型）和经济（成本降低）方面的动力。
