Stokes P D, Balsam P
Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2001 Mar;8(1):177-84. doi: 10.3758/bf03196155.
In two experiments, we investigated how explicit reinforcement of highly variable behavior at different points in training affected performance after the requirement was eliminated. Two versions of a computer game, differing in the number of possible solution paths, were used. In each, an optimal period of training for producing sustained high variability was found. Exposure to a high lag requirement shortly after acquisition sustained variability. Rewarding variability at other times did not have a sustained effect. The implications for learning and problem solving are discussed.
在两项实验中，我们研究了在训练的不同阶段对高度可变行为进行明确强化，在消除该要求后对表现有何影响。我们使用了两款电脑游戏，它们的可能解决路径数量不同。在每款游戏中，都发现了产生持续高变异性的最佳训练期。习得后不久暴露于高滞后要求可维持变异性。在其他时间奖励变异性则没有持续效果。我们还讨论了这些结果对学习和问题解决的启示。
