Ast F W, Kernbach-Wighton G, Kampmann H, Koops E, Püschel K, Tröger H D, Kleemann W J
Institute of Legal Medicine of the Medical School of Hannover, D 30623, Hannover, Germany
Forensic Sci Int. 2001 Jun 1;119(1):68-71. doi: 10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00398-4.
So far no national or regional studies have been published in Germany regarding the number of fatal aviation accidents and results of autopsy findings. Therefore, we evaluated all fatal aviation accidents occurring in Lower Saxony from 1979 to 1996. A total of 96 aviation accidents occurred in this period involving 73 aeroplanes. The crashes resulted in the death of 154 people ranging in age from 19 to 68 years. The greatest number of victims in a single crash of an aircraft was (n=7). Other types of fatal accidents were crashes of aircraft and helicopter while on the ground (n=5), hot-air balloons (n=2), parachutes (n=10), hang glider accidents (n=5) and the striking of a bystander by a model airplane. Autopsies were performed on 68 of the 154 victims (44.2%), including 39 of the 73 pilots (53.4%). Some of the autopsies yielded findings relevant to the cause of the accident: gunshot wounds, the presence of alcohol or drugs in blood and preexisting diseases. Our findings emphasize the need for autopsy on all aviation accident victims, especially pilots, as this is the only reliable method to uncover all factors contributing to an accident.
到目前为止，德国尚未发表过关于致命航空事故数量及尸检结果的全国性或地区性研究。因此，我们评估了1979年至1996年在下萨克森州发生的所有致命航空事故。在此期间共发生了96起航空事故，涉及73架飞机。这些坠机事故导致154人死亡，年龄在19岁至68岁之间。单次飞机坠毁事故中的最大遇难人数为（n = 7）。其他类型的致命事故包括飞机和直升机在地面坠毁（n = 5）、热气球坠毁（n = 2）、降落伞事故（n = 10）、悬挂式滑翔机事故（n = 5）以及模型飞机撞击旁观者。154名遇难者中有68人（44.2%）接受了尸检，其中73名飞行员中有39人（53.4%）接受了尸检。部分尸检得出了与事故原因相关的结果：枪伤、血液中存在酒精或毒品以及既有疾病。我们的研究结果强调，对所有航空事故遇难者，尤其是飞行员进行尸检很有必要，因为这是揭示导致事故的所有因素的唯一可靠方法。
