Redinbaugh E M, Schuerger J M, Weiss L L, Brufsky A, Arnold R
University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 3600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Psychooncology. 2001 May-Jun;10(3):187-98. doi: 10.1002/pon.507.
Many publications address grief in terminally ill patients and their loved ones. In contrast, this paper proposes a hypothetical model for grief reactions in health care professionals (HCPs) working with terminally ill patients. The model integrates three literatures: burnout, coping and personality/occupational interests. Grief-related job stress can culminate in burnout that affects over 50% of physicians treating the terminally and critically ill. Coping behaviors that attenuate burnout differ among HCPs, suggesting that nurses prefer different coping strategies when compared with physicians. The personality and occupational interests literatures provide a rationale for coping differences in HCPs. Personality characteristics associated with occupational preferences provide insight into HCPs' natural propensities for coping with stress. The model addresses personality/occupational differences among health care disciplines, thus providing a plausible explanation for coping differences among HCPs, as well as potential interventions that facilitate HCPs' adjustment to the deaths of their patients.
许多出版物都探讨了绝症患者及其亲人的悲痛之情。相比之下，本文提出了一个针对与绝症患者打交道的医护人员（HCPs）悲痛反应的假设模型。该模型整合了三个领域的文献：职业倦怠、应对方式以及个性/职业兴趣。与悲痛相关的工作压力可能会导致职业倦怠，超过50%治疗绝症和重症患者的医生都受到影响。减轻职业倦怠的应对行为在医护人员中存在差异，这表明与医生相比，护士更喜欢不同的应对策略。个性和职业兴趣方面的文献为医护人员应对方式的差异提供了理论依据。与职业偏好相关的个性特征有助于洞察医护人员应对压力的自然倾向。该模型探讨了医疗保健学科之间的个性/职业差异，从而为医护人员应对方式的差异提供了合理的解释，以及有助于医护人员适应患者死亡的潜在干预措施。
