Charlesworth B
Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.
Genet Res. 2001 Apr;77(2):153-66. doi: 10.1017/s0016672301004979.
Formulae for the effective population sizes of autosomal, X-linked, Y-linked and maternally transmitted loci in age-structured populations are developed. The approximations used here predict both asymptotic rates of increase in probabilities of identity, and equilibrium levels of neutral nucleotide site diversity under the infinite-sites model. The applications of the results to the interpretation of data on DNA sequence variation in Drosophila, plant, and human populations are discussed. It is concluded that sex differences in demographic parameters such as adult mortality rates generally have small effects on the relative effective population sizes of loci with different modes of inheritance, whereas differences between the sexes in variance in reproductive success can have major effects, either increasing or reducing the effective population size for X-linked loci relative to autosomal or Y-linked loci. These effects need to be accounted for when trying to understand data on patterns of sequence variation for genes with different transmission modes.
本文推导了年龄结构群体中常染色体、X连锁、Y连锁和母系遗传位点的有效种群大小公式。这里使用的近似方法预测了身份概率的渐近增长率以及无限位点模型下中性核苷酸位点多样性的平衡水平。讨论了这些结果在解释果蝇、植物和人类群体DNA序列变异数据中的应用。得出的结论是，诸如成年死亡率等人口统计学参数中的性别差异通常对不同遗传模式位点的相对有效种群大小影响较小，而生殖成功率方差中的性别差异可能产生重大影响，相对于常染色体或Y连锁位点，要么增加要么减少X连锁位点的有效种群大小。在试图理解不同传递模式基因的序列变异模式数据时，需要考虑这些影响。
