Geboes K, Geboes K P, Maleux G
Department of Pathology, University Hospital, KULeuven, Minderbroedersstraat 12, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2001 Feb;15(1):1-14. doi: 10.1053/bega.2000.0152.
The blood supply of the gastrointestinal system has intramural and extramural components. The intramural vascular distribution is generally well developed with plexuses in the different layers of the bowel wall and with specializations in the liver, small intestine and gastroesophageal junction, adapted to the function of these organs. The extramural arterial supply for the oesophagus is derived from the thoracic aorta or its major branches. Blood supply to the abdominal organs is provided by three major unpaired vessels arising from the abdominal aorta, namely the coeliac trunk and the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. The branches of these vessels form anastomotic systems that provide a rich blood supply to the adjoining organs. In many areas the systems overlap while in other regions linkages are limited. Interrelations and weak points are of significant clinical importance. As well as this, there is a great individual variability in the anatomy of the gastrointestinal vasculature.
胃肠道系统的血液供应包括壁内和壁外部分。壁内血管分布通常发育良好，在肠壁的不同层中有神经丛，并且在肝脏、小肠和胃食管交界处有特殊结构，以适应这些器官的功能。食管的壁外动脉供应来自胸主动脉或其主要分支。腹部器官的血液供应由腹主动脉发出的三支主要不成对血管提供，即腹腔干以及肠系膜上动脉和肠系膜下动脉。这些血管的分支形成吻合系统，为相邻器官提供丰富的血液供应。在许多区域，这些系统相互重叠，而在其他区域，联系则有限。相互关系和薄弱点具有重要的临床意义。除此之外，胃肠道血管的解剖结构存在很大的个体差异。
