Pulsifer M B, Gordon J M, Brandt J, Vining E P, Freeman J M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-7218, USA.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2001 May;43(5):301-6. doi: 10.1017/s0012162201000573.
The ketogenic diet is increasingly used for the management of difficult-to-control seizures in children. Here, we describe the first prospective study of the effects of the diet on development, behavior, and parenting stress. Participants were 65 children (36 males, 29 females) with intractable seizures, ages 18 months to 14 years 6 months, enrolled in a prospective study at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA, to study the diet's efficacy. Children were assessed before diet initiation and at 1-year follow-up. At follow-up, 52% (34 of 65) children remained on the diet. Mean seizure frequency decreased from 25 per day before diet initiation to less than two per day 1 year later. At follow-up, mean developmental quotient showed statistically significant improvement (p<0.05), with significant behavioral improvements in attention and social functioning. Parental stress was essentially unchanged. No baseline factor examined predicted diet adherence, and the primary reason for diet discontinuation was insufficient seizure control. These preliminary results support prior anecdotal reports of the beneficial effects of the diet on cognition and behavior.
生酮饮食越来越多地用于治疗儿童难治性癫痫发作。在此，我们描述了关于该饮食对发育、行为和育儿压力影响的第一项前瞻性研究。参与者为65名患有顽固性癫痫发作的儿童（36名男性，29名女性），年龄在18个月至14岁6个月之间，他们在美国马里兰州巴尔的摩市约翰霍普金斯医院参加了一项前瞻性研究，以研究该饮食的疗效。在开始饮食前和随访1年时对儿童进行评估。随访时，52%（65名中的34名）儿童仍在坚持该饮食。平均癫痫发作频率从开始饮食前的每天25次降至1年后的每天少于2次。随访时，平均发育商有统计学显著改善（p<0.05），注意力和社交功能方面的行为有显著改善。父母压力基本未变。所检查的基线因素均未预测饮食依从性，停止饮食的主要原因是癫痫发作控制不足。这些初步结果支持了之前关于该饮食对认知和行为有益影响的轶事报道。
