Hays M A, Irsula B, McMullen S L, Feldblum P J
Biostatistics Division and Clinical Research Department, Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Contraception. 2001 Mar;63(3):159-66. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00183-4.
Barrier contraceptive trials and disease intervention studies often utilize coital diaries to measure sexual exposures: dates and frequency of intercourse, product use, additional or alternative contraceptive use, and menstrual bleeding. The validity of these self-reported data is a matter of debate, but if used, better diary designs are sought. We studied 3 different coital diaries, plus a phone-in regimen (none or weekly) in a 3 x 2 factorial design to compare participant ratings and promptness of recording. Our underlying presumption was that ease of and satisfaction with use, and promptness of data collection, are associated with greater accuracy. A self-completed questionnaire at the end of the study collected comparative retrospective data. Diary 1 captured information about a single day on one page and had three columns, for up to three possible acts of intercourse. Diary 2 had the same question format as the first diary, but contained 7 days per page. Diary 3 had 7 days on a page, but instead of a column for each act, participants enumerated the number of acts, the types of contraception used, and condom use details. Half of the women in each diary group phoned in their data weekly. Phone-in improved participants' satisfaction with the diary design as reflected by higher ratings of diary features. Phone-in did not improve recall of data at the end of the study for any of the diaries. There were no differences in the promptness of diary completion. Diaries 1 and 2 showed good concordance with recalled data, and participants expressed a preference for the layout of Diary 2. Women assigned to Diary 3 expressed dissatisfaction with the design and were worse at recalling data at the end of the study, probably due to the complexity of that diary design.
性交日期和频率、产品使用情况、额外或替代避孕方法的使用情况以及月经出血情况。这些自我报告数据的有效性存在争议，但如果使用的话，人们会寻求更好的日记设计。我们采用3×2析因设计研究了3种不同的性交日记，外加一种电话报告方案（无报告或每周报告），以比较参与者的评分和记录的及时性。我们的基本假设是，使用的便利性和满意度以及数据收集的及时性与更高的准确性相关。研究结束时通过一份自我填写的问卷收集了比较性的回顾性数据。日记1在一页上记录一天的信息，有三列，最多可记录三次可能的性交行为。日记2的问题格式与第一本日记相同，但每页包含7天的信息。日记3每页有7天的信息，但不是为每次行为设置一列，而是让参与者列出行为次数、使用的避孕方法类型以及避孕套使用细节。每个日记组中有一半的女性每周通过电话报告她们的数据。电话报告提高了参与者对日记设计的满意度，这体现在对日记特征的更高评分上。对于任何一本日记，电话报告都没有提高研究结束时的数据回忆率。日记完成的及时性没有差异。日记1和日记2与回忆数据显示出良好的一致性，参与者表示更喜欢日记2的布局。被分配到日记3的女性对该设计表示不满，并且在研究结束时回忆数据的能力较差，这可能是由于该日记设计的复杂性所致。
