Gillberg C
Avdelningen för barn- och ungdomspsykiatri, barnneuropsykiatri, Drottning Silvias barn- och ungdomssjukhus, Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset, Göteborg.
Lakartidningen. 2001 Apr 25;98(17):2032-4.
At least five per cent of the general population of children suffer from severe neuropsychiatric impairment. Autism spectrum disorders, ADHD/DAMP, Tourette's syndrome, and a variety of cognitive impairment/neurological syndromes with severe behavioral/emotional symptoms are included among the child neuropsychiatric disorders, the majority of which will lead to ongoing social and academic problems in adult life. Substantial numbers of those affected commit crimes in early adult life, and the incidence of the above-mentioned disorders is higher among young criminal offenders. Early diagnosis, educational, psychological, and, occasionally, medical therapies can affect outcome in a positive way. Child neuropsychiatric disorders should therefore be recognized at an early age so that attitudes can be changed from rejection to understanding, and a gloomy psychosocial outcome avoided.
至少5%的儿童总人口患有严重的神经精神障碍。儿童神经精神障碍包括自闭症谱系障碍、注意力缺陷多动障碍/注意缺陷伴多动障碍、抽动秽语综合征以及各种伴有严重行为/情绪症状的认知障碍/神经综合征，其中大多数会在成年后导致持续的社交和学业问题。相当数量的患者在成年早期会犯罪，上述障碍在年轻罪犯中的发病率更高。早期诊断、教育、心理治疗，偶尔还有医学治疗，可以对结果产生积极影响。因此，儿童神经精神障碍应在早期得到识别，以便将态度从排斥转变为理解，避免令人沮丧的社会心理结果。
