Behne D, Kyriakopoulos A
Department Molecular Trace Element Research in the Life Sciences, Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin, Glienicker Strasse 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2001;21:453-73. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.453.
Mammalian selenium-containing proteins can be divided into three groups: proteins containing nonspecifically incorporated selenium, specific selenium-binding proteins, and specific selenocysteine-containing selenoproteins. Selenoproteins with known functions identified so far include five glutathione peroxidases, two deiodinases, several thioredoxin reductases, and selenophosphate synthetase 2. Alternative splicing leads to a greater variety of selenoproteins, as was shown in the cases of a specific sperm nuclei glutathione peroxidase and some thioredoxin reductases. Selenoprotein P, selenoprotein W, a 15-kDa selenoprotein, an 18-kDa selenoprotein, and several selenoproteins identified in silico from nucleotide sequence databases were found to contain selenocysteine but their functions are not known. Gel electrophoretic separation of tissue samples from rats labeled in vivo with (75)Se showed the existence of further selenium-containing proteins.
非特异性掺入硒的蛋白、特异性硒结合蛋白和含特异性硒代半胱氨酸的硒蛋白。目前已鉴定出的具有已知功能的硒蛋白包括五种谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、两种脱碘酶、几种硫氧还蛋白还原酶和硒磷酸合成酶2。可变剪接导致了更多种类的硒蛋白，如在一种特异性精子核谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和一些硫氧还蛋白还原酶的例子中所显示的那样。硒蛋白P、硒蛋白W、一种15 kDa的硒蛋白、一种18 kDa的硒蛋白以及从核苷酸序列数据库中通过计算机分析鉴定出的几种硒蛋白被发现含有硒代半胱氨酸，但它们的功能尚不清楚。用（75）Se在体内标记大鼠后，对其组织样本进行凝胶电泳分离，结果显示存在更多的含硒蛋白。
