Pitkala K H, Valvanne J, Kulp S, Strandberg T E, Tilvis R S
Helsinki University Hospital, Geriatric Clinic, Department of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001 May;49(5):596-600. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49120.x.
To compare the self-reported functional status of cohorts, born 10 years apart, when they were at equivalent ages: 75, 80, or 85.
Cross-sectional mailed survey of three birth cohorts in 1989 and 1999.
Random samples of older home-dwelling residents from birth cohorts 1904, 1909, and 1914 in 1989 ( N = 685) and the birth cohorts 1914, 1919, and 1924 in 1999 ( N = 2,047) were asked the same questions.
Self-reported physical functioning, need for assistance in daily living, and attitudes toward life.
Among 85-year-olds born in 1914 there was a significantly larger proportion able to go outdoors compared with 85-year-olds born in 1904 (72.9% vs 60.6% in women (P <.01) and 84.6% vs 63.6 % in men (P <.01), respectively). Similar trends were observed between the oldest cohorts concerning the need for assistance. The amount of publicly funded domestic help had reduced in the two oldest cohorts in 1999 compared with 1989 (20.3% vs 29.8% in 85-year-old women born in 1914 vs 1904 (P <.05); and 10.2 % vs 25.0% in 85-year-old men born 1914 vs 1904 (P <.05), but at the same time 75-year-old women born in 1924 had increased the use of private domestic help compared with 75-year-old women born in 1914. Significantly larger proportions of both men and women had plans for the future in all the cohorts in 1999 than in 1989.
Consistent yet small differences between the corresponding cohorts suggest that physical functioning and more-optimistic attitude toward life have increased and need for assistance has decreased over 10 years in the older population up to the age of 85.
比较出生间隔10年的队列人群在75岁、80岁或85岁这几个相同年龄时自我报告的功能状态。
1989年和1999年对三个出生队列进行横断面邮寄调查。
1989年从1904年、1909年和1914年出生队列中随机抽取的老年居家居民样本（N = 685），以及1999年从1914年、1919年和1924年出生队列中随机抽取的老年居家居民样本（N = 2,047），被问及相同的问题。
自我报告的身体功能、日常生活所需协助以及对生活的态度。
与1904年出生的85岁老人相比，1914年出生的85岁老人中能够外出的比例显著更高（女性分别为72.9%对60.6%（P <.01），男性分别为84.6%对63.6%（P <.01））。在最年长的队列之间，关于所需协助方面也观察到了类似趋势。与1989年相比，1999年两个最年长队列中公共资助的家庭帮助数量有所减少（1914年出生的85岁女性中为20.3%对1904年出生的85岁女性中的29.8%（P <.05）；1914年出生的85岁男性中为10.2%对1904年出生的85岁男性中的25.0%（P <.05）），但与此同时，1924年出生的75岁女性与1914年出生的75岁女性相比，增加了对私人家庭帮助的使用。1999年所有队列中计划未来的男性和女性比例均显著高于1989年。
相应队列之间存在一致但微小的差异，这表明在85岁及以下的老年人群中，身体功能和对生活更乐观的态度在10年中有所增强，所需协助有所减少。
