Madison K W, Chevy F, Bretin V, Dalibard J
Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Département de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.
Phys Rev Lett. 2001 May 14;86(20):4443-6. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.4443.
Using a focused laser beam we stir a 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a magnetic trap. We observe that the steady states of the condensate correspond to an elliptic cloud, stationary in the rotating frame. These steady states depend nonlinearly on the stirring parameters (amplitude and frequency), and various solutions can be reached experimentally depending on the path followed in this parameter space. These states can be dynamically unstable and we observe that such instabilities lead to vortex nucleation in the condensate.
我们使用聚焦激光束来搅动捕获在磁阱中的87Rb玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。我们观察到，凝聚体的稳态对应于在旋转参考系中静止的椭圆云。这些稳态非线性地依赖于搅动参数（振幅和频率），并且根据在该参数空间中所遵循的路径，实验上可以达到各种不同的解。这些状态可能是动态不稳定的，并且我们观察到这种不稳定性会导致凝聚体中涡旋的形成。
