Ashida T
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation.
Nihon Rinsho. 2001 May;59(5):978-82.
Lifestyle modifications are the first approach to the treatment of dyslipidemia and hypertension, that is, control of overweight; reduced intake of saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium chloride, and alcohol; and increased physical activity. In high doses, thiazide diuretics and loop diuretics can induce at least short-term increases in levels of total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Low-dose thiazide diuretics do not produce these effects. beta-blockers may increase levels of plasma triglycerides transiently and reduce levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. alpha-blockers may decrease serum cholesterol concentration to a modest degree and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium antagonists, and central adrenergic agonists have clinically neutral effects on levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins.
生活方式的改变是治疗血脂异常和高血压的首要方法，即控制超重；减少饱和脂肪、胆固醇、氯化钠和酒精的摄入；增加体育活动。大剂量使用时，噻嗪类利尿剂和袢利尿剂可至少在短期内使血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高。小剂量噻嗪类利尿剂不会产生这些影响。β受体阻滞剂可能会使血浆甘油三酯水平短暂升高，并降低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。α受体阻滞剂可能会在一定程度上降低血清胆固醇浓度，并升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂、钙拮抗剂和中枢肾上腺素能激动剂对血清脂质和脂蛋白水平具有临床中性作用。
