Ohlson C G, Svensson L, Mossberg B, Hök M
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Medical Centre Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 2001;25(1):13-20.
The use of acrylate-based polymers in dental care in Sweden has increased dramatically in recent years. Acrylate monomers are sensitizers and can cause contact dermatitis. Allergy to latex, e.g. in rubber gloves, is also an increasing problem in health care and especially in dental care. The aim was to estimate the prevalences of work related allergies in dental personnel in a Swedish county with almost 700 dentists, dental nurses and dental hygienists. A questionnaire was distributed to all dental care units in the county and 98% of the population completed it. Specific allergy was verified with standard patch and prick testing. Work related allergy symptoms were reported by 189 subjects, 28%. The prevalences of acrylate eczema and latex allergy were 3,0% and 3,7% respectively. The prevalence of all work related skin allergy was estimated to 8%. The estimated prevalence of acrylate allergy was close to those of a few other published reports. However, the prevalence of hypersensitivity to latex rubber was lower than those reported from other studies. It is concluded that almost one dental care worker out of ten has a risk of contact dermatitis, unless measures to reduce hazardous exposure have been taken.
近年来，瑞典牙科护理中丙烯酸酯类聚合物的使用显著增加。丙烯酸酯单体是致敏剂，可引起接触性皮炎。对乳胶过敏，例如橡胶手套中的乳胶过敏，在医疗保健领域尤其是牙科护理中也是一个日益严重的问题。目的是估计瑞典一个拥有近700名牙医、牙科护士和牙科保健员的县中牙科人员与工作相关的过敏患病率。向该县所有牙科护理单位发放了问卷，98%的人员完成了问卷。通过标准斑贴试验和点刺试验验证特异性过敏。189名受试者（占28%）报告了与工作相关的过敏症状。丙烯酸酯湿疹和乳胶过敏的患病率分别为3.0%和3.7%。所有与工作相关的皮肤过敏患病率估计为8%。丙烯酸酯过敏的估计患病率与其他一些已发表报告的结果相近。然而，对乳胶橡胶过敏的患病率低于其他研究报告的结果。得出的结论是，除非采取措施减少有害暴露，否则每十名牙科护理人员中几乎就有一人有接触性皮炎的风险。
