Meekers D, Ahmed G, Molatlhegi M T
Population Services International, Washington DC.
AIDS Care. 2001 Jun;13(3):297-302. doi: 10.1080/09540120120043946.
Even when condoms are widely available and affordable, adolescents may be reluctant to obtain them. Hence, programme managers need to understand what determines youths' perceptions of access to condoms. This paper analyzes focus group and survey data on condom access conducted among male and female adolescents in urban Botswana. Although a majority of sexually experienced adolescents have purchased condoms from retail outlets, only about 50% have obtained condoms from health facilities, even though the latter distribute free condoms. This study shows that many adolescents perceive that access to condoms is more difficult from public sector outlets than for private sector outlets, because the public sector providers tend to question the adolescents' behaviour while the latter do not. To bypass this problem, males tend to obtain condoms from friends. However, females are reluctant to ask their friends for condoms because they fear that their friends may gossip about them. The results of this study indicate that adolescents' access to condoms can be improved by interventions that improve the quality of interaction between public sector providers and adolescents, destigmatize condom use, expand private sector condom distribution, and that use peer sales agents and educators.
即使避孕套随处可得且价格实惠，青少年可能仍不愿去获取。因此，项目管理者需要了解是什么决定了年轻人对获取避孕套的认知。本文分析了在博茨瓦纳城市地区的青少年男女中进行的关于避孕套获取情况的焦点小组和调查数据。尽管大多数有性经历的青少年已从零售商店购买过避孕套，但只有约50%的人从医疗机构获取过避孕套，即便后者免费发放避孕套。本研究表明，许多青少年认为从公共部门渠道获取避孕套比从私营部门渠道更困难，因为公共部门提供者往往会质疑青少年的行为，而私营部门则不会。为避开这个问题，男性往往从朋友那里获取避孕套。然而，女性不愿向朋友索要避孕套，因为她们担心朋友会说闲话。本研究结果表明，通过改善公共部门提供者与青少年之间互动质量、消除使用避孕套的污名化、扩大私营部门避孕套分发以及利用同伴销售代理和教育者等干预措施，可以改善青少年获取避孕套的情况。
