Schuster M A, Bell R M, Berry S H, Kanouse D E
RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Fam Plann Perspect. 1998 Mar-Apr;30(2):67-72, 88.
While making condoms available in high schools has provoked much debate, evidence on the actual effects of such programs on students' attitudes and behavior is sparse.
Prior to implementation of a condom availability program in a Los Angeles County high school, 1,945 students in grades 9-12 (98% of eligible students) completed a self-administered anonymous survey on their sexual behavior and on related knowledge and attitudes; one year later, 1,110 students (59% of eligible students) completed a follow-up survey.
There was no significant change over time in the percentage of males or females who had ever had vaginal intercourse or who had had vaginal intercourse during the year prior to the survey. The percentage of males who reported using condoms every time they engaged in vaginal intercourse during the past year increased significantly, from 37% to 50%, and the percentage of males who reported condom use at recently initiated first vaginal intercourse increased from 65% to 80%. On the other hand, female respondents showed no significant change in their condom use. The self-reported likelihood of using a condom for vaginal intercourse during the following year did not change significantly for students who had had vaginal intercourse, but it increased dramatically for those who, had never had vaginal intercourse. The students' attitudes toward sex and condom use either remained the same between surveys or changed in a direction favoring less sexual behavior and greater risk prevention.
The condom availability program appears not to have produced an increase in sexual activity among high school students, and it appears to have led to improved condom use among males. The apparent strong effect on students' intention to use condoms and on males' use at first vaginal intercourse suggests that such programs may have a particular impact on the least sexually experienced adolescents.
虽然在高中提供避孕套引发了诸多争议，但关于此类项目对学生态度和行为实际影响的证据却很少。
在洛杉矶县一所高中实施避孕套供应项目之前，1945名9至12年级的学生（占 eligible 学生的98%）完成了一项关于他们性行为以及相关知识和态度的自我管理匿名调查；一年后，1110名学生（占 eligible 学生的59%）完成了一项后续调查。
在调查前一年有过阴道性交或在过去一年中有过阴道性交的男性或女性比例，随时间没有显著变化。报告在过去一年每次进行阴道性交时都使用避孕套的男性比例从37%显著增加到50%，报告在最近开始的首次阴道性交时使用避孕套的男性比例从65%增加到80%。另一方面，女性受访者的避孕套使用情况没有显著变化。对于有过阴道性交的学生，在接下来一年中自我报告的进行阴道性交时使用避孕套的可能性没有显著变化，但对于那些从未有过阴道性交的学生，这一可能性大幅增加。在两次调查之间，学生对性和避孕套使用的态度要么保持不变，要么朝着有利于减少性行为和加强风险预防的方向变化。
避孕套供应项目似乎没有导致高中生性活动增加，而且似乎使男性的避孕套使用情况有所改善。对学生使用避孕套意愿和男性首次阴道性交时使用情况的明显强烈影响表明，此类项目可能对性经验最少的青少年有特别的影响。
