Schuckit M A, Smith T L
University of California San Diego and Department of Psychiatry (116A), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Addiction. 2001 Jun;96(6):903-10. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.96690311.x.
To evaluate the clinical course of specific alcohol-related life problems and the risk for dependence on illicit drugs in individuals with relatively low and high levels of response (LR) to alcohol earlier in life.
From among 439 men who were part of the 15-year follow-up of sons of alcoholics and controls, 108 were identified as having fulfilled criteria for DSM-III-R alcohol dependence.
The LR to alcohol was originally evaluated following the consumption of 0.61 g/kg of ethanol at age 20 by determining the levels of change in subjective feelings of intoxication, body sway and several hormones such as cortisol. From the 453 original subjects, 450 completed a face-to-face 10-year follow-up evaluation, and 439 completed the 15-year protocol.
A comparison of the clinical course of 50 alcohol-dependent men with clearly low LR values at age 20 with that for 42 individuals whose LR scores were above the median revealed few differences. Those with a low LR had a slightly earlier age of onset of alcohol dependence (24.8 +/- 3.41 vs. 26.6 +/- 4.48 years), and this finding was unrelated to the presence of an alcohol-dependent father. Otherwise the members of the two groups demonstrated a similar course of alcohol dependence. There was no relationship between a low LR at age 20 and either the pattern of substances used or the rate of dependence on illicit drugs.
The results indicate that for this sample a low LR to alcohol, while associated with a high risk for alcohol dependence, was not related to most aspects of the course of alcohol problems once dependence developed.
评估早年对酒精反应水平相对较低和较高的个体中特定酒精相关生活问题的临床进程以及非法药物依赖风险。
在对酗酒者儿子和对照者进行15年随访的439名男性中，有108名被确定符合DSM - III - R酒精依赖标准。
最初通过在20岁时摄入0.61克/千克乙醇后，测定主观醉酒感觉、身体摇摆以及几种激素（如皮质醇）的变化水平来评估对酒精的反应水平。在453名原始受试者中，450名完成了为期10年的面对面随访评估，439名完成了15年的方案。
将20岁时反应水平明显较低的50名酒精依赖男性的临床进程与42名反应水平得分高于中位数的个体进行比较，发现差异不大。反应水平低的人酒精依赖的发病年龄稍早（24.8±3.41岁对26.6±4.48岁），且这一发现与有酒精依赖的父亲无关。除此之外，两组成员的酒精依赖进程相似。20岁时低反应水平与所使用物质的模式或非法药物依赖率之间均无关联。
结果表明，对于该样本，对酒精的低反应水平虽然与酒精依赖的高风险相关，但一旦发展为依赖，与酒精问题进程的大多数方面无关。
