Milsom I, Abrams P, Cardozo L, Roberts R G, Thüroff J, Wein A J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden, Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
BJU Int. 2001 Jun;87(9):760-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2001.02228.x.
To determine the prevalence of chronic and debilitating symptoms of the overactive bladder, defined here as the presence of chronic frequency, urgency and urge incontinence (either alone or in any combination), and presumed to be caused by involuntary detrusor contractions. Subjects and methods Data were collected using a population-based survey (conducted by telephone or direct interview) of men and women aged >/= 40 years, selected from the general population in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom, using a random stratified approach. The main outcome measures were: prevalence of urinary frequency (> 8 micturitions/24 h), urgency and urge incontinence; the proportion of participants who had sought medical advice for symptoms of an overactive bladder; and current or previous therapy received for these symptoms.
In all, 16 776 interviews were conducted in the six European countries. The overall prevalence of overactive bladder symptoms in individuals aged >/= 40 years was 16.6%. Frequency (85%) was the most commonly reported symptom, followed by urgency (54%) and urge incontinence (36%). The prevalence of overactive bladder symptoms increased with advancing age. Overall, 60% of respondents with symptoms had consulted a doctor but only 27% were currently receiving treatment. Conclusion Symptoms of an overactive bladder, of which frequency and urgency are as bothersome as urge incontinence, are highly prevalent in the general population. However, only a few affected individuals currently receive treatment. Taken together, such findings indicate that there is considerable scope for improvement in terms of how physicians diagnose and treat this condition.
确定膀胱过度活动症的慢性及使人虚弱症状的患病率，此处定义为存在慢性尿频、尿急和急迫性尿失禁（单独出现或任意组合出现），并推测由逼尿肌不自主收缩引起。受试者与方法采用基于人群的调查（通过电话或直接访谈）收集数据，调查对象为年龄≥40岁的男性和女性，从法国、德国、意大利、西班牙、瑞典和英国的普通人群中采用随机分层抽样方法选取。主要观察指标为：尿频（>8次排尿/24小时）、尿急和急迫性尿失禁的患病率；因膀胱过度活动症症状寻求医疗建议的参与者比例；以及针对这些症状目前或既往接受的治疗。
在这六个欧洲国家共进行了16776次访谈。年龄≥40岁个体中膀胱过度活动症症状的总体患病率为16.6%。尿频（85%）是最常报告的症状，其次是尿急（54%）和急迫性尿失禁（36%）。膀胱过度活动症症状的患病率随年龄增长而增加。总体而言，60%有症状的受访者咨询过医生，但目前只有27%正在接受治疗。结论膀胱过度活动症症状在普通人群中高度普遍，其中尿频和尿急与急迫性尿失禁一样令人困扰。然而，目前只有少数受影响个体接受治疗。综合来看，这些发现表明医生在诊断和治疗这种疾病方面有很大的改进空间。
