Abdurakhmanov D T
Klin Med (Mosk). 2001;79(2):60-2.
Varicose esophageal veins bleeding is one of severe complications of hepatic cirrhosis. This complication is effectively managed with combination of beta-blockers with nitrates. Of the latter, optimal is isosorbite-5-mononitrate (mono mac). Its minimal risk of development of nitrate tolerance and pharmacokinetics does not depend on hepatic or renal function. A single dose of mono mac varies from 10 to 50 mg. The individual dose is selected by a fall in systolic blood pressure at rest (by 15-20 mm Hg) above 100 mm Hg. In appearance of serious headache nitrates are followed by beta-blockers monotherapy. It is inferred that isosorbite-5-mononitrate (mono mac) is effective in prophylaxis of hemorrhage from varicose veins of the esophagus both in beta-blockers and as monotherapy when beta-blockers are contraindicated.
食管静脉曲张破裂出血是肝硬化的严重并发症之一。β受体阻滞剂与硝酸盐联合使用可有效治疗该并发症。其中,最佳药物是5-单硝酸异山梨酯(单硝酸异山梨酯片)。其产生硝酸盐耐受性的风险最小,且药代动力学不依赖于肝功能或肾功能。单硝酸异山梨酯片的单次剂量为10至50毫克。个体剂量根据静息收缩压下降(15 - 20毫米汞柱)且高于100毫米汞柱来选择。若出现严重头痛,则随后采用β受体阻滞剂单药治疗。据推断,5-单硝酸异山梨酯(单硝酸异山梨酯片)在预防食管静脉曲张出血方面,无论是与β受体阻滞剂联合使用,还是在β受体阻滞剂禁忌时作为单药治疗均有效。