Strang J, Keaney F, Butterworth G, Noble A, Best D
National Addiction Centre, (The Maudsley/Institute of Psychiatry), London, UK.
Subst Use Misuse. 2001 Apr;36(5):573-88. doi: 10.1081/ja-100103561.
Recent reports of the use of lemon juice in the preparation of heroin for injection have failed to recognize the importance of the different forms of heroin (in the form of the salt or the base) and the impact of this on the chemical manipulation required before injection. One hundred and four opiate addicts in London were interviewed about the forms of heroin (white, brown, etc) and their relationship to cook-up techniques (use of heat and acid). White heroin was typically prepared with water and heat; brown heroin was prepared with acid (citric acid or Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) or lemon juice) and heat; pharmaceutical heroin was prepared with water only (i.e. neither acid nor heat). On the last occasion of heroin use, brown heroin had been the form most commonly used, with over 90% of the sample using citric acid or vitamin C. Lemon juice was rarely used, and heat was almost universally applied in conjunction with lemon juice.
最近有关使用柠檬汁制备用于注射的海洛因的报道，未能认识到不同形式海洛因（盐类或碱类形式）的重要性以及这对注射前所需化学操作的影响。对伦敦的104名阿片类成瘾者进行了访谈，了解海洛因的形式（白色、棕色等）及其与制毒技术（加热和使用酸）的关系。白色海洛因通常用水和加热来制备；棕色海洛因用酸（柠檬酸或维生素C（抗坏血酸）或柠檬汁）和加热来制备；药用海洛因仅用水来制备（即既不使用酸也不加热）。在最后一次使用海洛因时，棕色海洛因是最常用的形式，超过90%的样本使用了柠檬酸或维生素C。柠檬汁很少使用，并且加热几乎普遍与柠檬汁一起使用。
