Mokri B
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Neurology. 2001 Jun 26;56(12):1746-8. doi: 10.1212/wnl.56.12.1746.
More than two centuries ago, Alexander Monro applied some of the principles of physics to the intracranial contents and for the first time hypothesized that the blood circulating in the cranium was of constant volume at all times. This hypothesis was supported by experiments by Kellie. In its original form, the hypothesis had shortcomings that prompted modification by others. What finally came to be known as the Monro-Kellie doctrine, or hypothesis, is that the sum of volumes of brain, CSF, and intracranial blood is constant. An increase in one should cause a decrease in one or both of the remaining two. This hypothesis has substantial theoretical implications in increased intracranial pressure and in decreased CSF volume. Many of the MRI abnormalities seen in intracranial hypotension or CSF volume depletion can be explained by the Monro-Kellie hypothesis. These abnormalities include meningeal enhancement, subdural fluid collections, engorgement of cerebral venous sinuses, prominence of the spinal epidural venous plexus, and enlargement of the pituitary gland.
两个多世纪前，亚历山大·蒙罗将一些物理学原理应用于颅内内容物，并首次提出假设，即颅骨内循环的血液在任何时候体积都是恒定的。凯利的实验支持了这一假设。该假设的原始形式存在缺陷，促使其他人对其进行修改。最终被称为蒙罗-凯利学说或假设的是，脑、脑脊液和颅内血液的体积总和是恒定的。其中一个体积增加应该会导致另外两个体积中的一个或两个减少。这一假设在颅内压升高和脑脊液体积减少方面具有重大的理论意义。许多在颅内低压或脑脊液体积减少中看到的MRI异常可以用蒙罗-凯利假设来解释。这些异常包括脑膜强化、硬膜下积液、脑静脉窦充血、脊髓硬膜外静脉丛突出以及垂体增大。
