双亚型猫免疫缺陷病毒疫苗可保护猫抵御同源和异源猫免疫缺陷病毒分离株在体内的群聚感染。

Dual-subtype FIV vaccine protects cats against in vivo swarms of both homologous and heterologous subtype FIV isolates.

作者信息

Pu R, Coleman J, Omori M, Arai M, Hohdatsu T, Huang C, Tanabe T, Yamamoto J K

机构信息

Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611-0880, USA.

出版信息

AIDS. 2001 Jul 6;15(10):1225-37. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200107060-00004.

DOI:10.1097/00002030-200107060-00004

PMID:11426067

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the immunogenicity and efficacy of an inactivated dual-subtype feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine.

DESIGN

Specific-pathogen-free cats were immunized with dual-subtype (subtype A FIV(Pet) and subtype D FIV(Shi)) vaccine and challenged with either in vivo- or in vitro-derived FIV inocula.

METHODS

Dual-subtype vaccinated, single-subtype vaccinated, and placebo-immunized cats were challenged within vivo-derived heterologous subtype B FIV(Bang) [10--100 50% cat infectious doses (CID(50))], in vivo-derived homologous FIV(Shi)(50 CID(50)), and in vitro- and in vivo-derived homologous FIV(Pet)(20--50 CID(50)). Dual-subtype vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy were evaluated and compared to single-subtype strain vaccines. FIV infection was determined using virus isolation and proviral PCR of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymphoid tissues.

RESULTS

Four out of five dual-subtype vaccinated cats were protected against low-dose FIV(Bang) (10 CID(50)) and subsequently against in vivo-derived FIV(Pet) (50 CID(50)) challenge, whereas all placebo-immunized cats became infected. Furthermore, dual-subtype vaccine protected two out of five cats against high-dose FIV(Bang) challenge (100 CID(50)) which infected seven out of eight single-subtype vaccinated cats. All dual-subtype vaccinated cats were protected against in vivo-derived FIV(Pet), but only one out of five single-subtype vaccinated cats were protected against in vivo-derived FIV(Pet). Dual-subtype vaccination induced broad-spectrum virus-neutralizing antibodies and FIV-specific interferon-gamma responses along with elevated FIV-specific perforin mRNA levels, suggesting an increase in cytotoxic cell activities.

CONCLUSION

Dual-subtype vaccinated cats developed broad-spectrum humoral and cellular immunity which protected cats against in vivo-derived inocula of homologous and heterologous FIV subtypes. Thus, multi-subtype antigen vaccines may be an effective strategy against AIDS viruses.

摘要

目的

评估一种灭活双亚型猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）疫苗的免疫原性和效力。

设计

将特定病原体-free猫用双亚型（A亚型FIV（Pet）和D亚型FIV（Shi））疫苗进行免疫，并分别用体内或体外来源的FIV接种物进行攻毒。

方法

用双亚型疫苗免疫、单亚型疫苗免疫和安慰剂免疫的猫分别用体内来源的异源B亚型FIV（Bang）[10 - 100个50%猫感染剂量（CID(50)）]、体内来源的同源FIV（Shi）（50个CID(50)）以及体外和体内来源的同源FIV（Pet）（20 - 50个CID(50)）进行攻毒。评估双亚型疫苗的免疫原性和效力，并与单亚型毒株疫苗进行比较。使用病毒分离以及外周血单核细胞和淋巴组织的前病毒PCR来确定FIV感染情况。

结果

五只接受双亚型疫苗免疫的猫中有四只在低剂量FIV（Bang）（10个CID(50)）攻毒后得到保护，随后在体内来源的FIV（Pet）（50个CID(50)）攻毒中也得到保护，而所有接受安慰剂免疫的猫均被感染。此外，双亚型疫苗在五只猫中保护了两只抵御高剂量FIV（Bang）攻毒（100个CID(50)），而八只接受单亚型疫苗免疫的猫中有七只被感染。所有接受双亚型疫苗免疫的猫在体内来源的FIV（Pet）攻毒中均得到保护，但五只接受单亚型疫苗免疫的猫中只有一只在体内来源的FIV（Pet）攻毒中得到保护。双亚型疫苗接种诱导了广谱病毒中和抗体和FIV特异性干扰素-γ反应，同时FIV特异性穿孔素mRNA水平升高，提示细胞毒性细胞活性增强。