Hardman A E
Department of Physical Education, Sports Science, and Recreation Management, Loughborough University, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Jun;33(6 Suppl):S421-7; discussion S452-3. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200106001-00010.
To evaluate evidence comparing the influence on health outcomes of different patterns and intensities of exercise with equivalent total energy expenditure.
A computerized literature search, with searches of the reference lists of papers identified.
Studies fell into two categories: 1) comparisons of one continuous session of exercise with several short (> or = 10-min) sessions of the same total duration; and 2) comparisons of a session of moderate/hard exercise with a session of lower intensity but equivalent energy expenditure. Within each category, studies were found for training effects and for acute effects. Category 1: Several small, randomized controlled trials showed that improvements in measures of cardiorespiratory fitness did not differ significantly between training regimens based on long or short sessions. Acute effects of two short sessions on excess postexercise oxygen consumption were reported to be greater than those of one longer session. By contrast, short-term decreases in postprandial triglyceride concentrations were found to be similar with three short or one long session. Category 2: Higher-intensity training was consistently found to elicit greater increases in VO(2max) than lower-intensity training of longer duration. No conclusion could be drawn for any other outcome. A session of hard/moderate exercise may be more likely than to induce short-term negative energy balance than light exercise. Findings on the comparability of sessions of different intensities on blood lipids and glucose/insulin dynamics are conflicting.
Further research is required before the principle of fractionization can be endorsed with confidence.
评估在总能量消耗相等的情况下，不同运动模式和强度对健康结果影响的比较证据。
进行计算机文献检索，并检索已识别论文的参考文献列表。
研究分为两类：1）一次持续运动与相同总时长的几次短时间（≥10分钟）运动的比较；2）一次中等强度/高强度运动与一次低强度但能量消耗相等的运动的比较。在每一类中，都发现了关于训练效果和急性效果的研究。第1类：几项小型随机对照试验表明，基于长时间或短时间训练方案，心肺适能指标的改善没有显著差异。据报道，两次短时间运动对运动后过量氧耗的急性影响大于一次长时间运动。相比之下，发现三次短时间运动或一次长时间运动后餐后甘油三酯浓度的短期下降相似。第2类：一致发现，高强度训练比长时间低强度训练能引起更大的最大摄氧量增加。对于任何其他结果都无法得出结论。一次高强度/中等强度运动可能比轻度运动更有可能导致短期负能量平衡。关于不同强度运动对血脂和血糖/胰岛素动态影响的可比性研究结果相互矛盾。
在有信心认可分次运动原则之前，还需要进一步研究。
