Morley J E
Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, St. Louis VAMC, and the Division of Geriatric Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Nutrition. 2001 Jul-Aug;17(7-8):660-3. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00574-3.
Food intake declines throughout the life span. This physiologic anorexia of aging is caused in part by alterations of stomach-fundus compliance and release and activity of cholecystokinin. In addition, the decline in testosterone in males results in elevated leptin levels that increase the anorexia. There is also evidence that cytokines play a role in the pathogenesis of anorexia and sarcopenia, thus accelerating the development of frailty in older persons. Numerous treatable causes of anorexia and weight loss exist. Depression is the most commonly diagnosed cause of pathologic weight loss in older persons.
食物摄入量在整个生命周期中都会下降。这种衰老引起的生理性厌食症部分是由胃底顺应性以及胆囊收缩素的释放和活性改变所致。此外，男性睾酮水平下降会导致瘦素水平升高，进而加重厌食症。也有证据表明细胞因子在厌食症和肌肉减少症的发病机制中起作用，从而加速老年人虚弱的发展。存在许多可治疗的厌食症和体重减轻病因。抑郁症是老年人病理性体重减轻最常见的诊断病因。
