Rodríguez Artalejo F
An R Acad Nac Med (Madr). 2001;118(1):111-24; discussion 124-9.
This paper reviews the scientific evidence on the relationship between consumption of alcoholic beverages and health, at the individual and population levels. This evidence is used to inform the health counselling on such consumption. We propose that during the individual clinical encounter, the counselling should be adapted to clinical characteristics of the patient (mainly age and cardiovascular risk), consider the patient preferences (because there are alternatives to alcohol for cardiovascular prevention for those who do not like alcohol), and prudent ('primum non nocere'). For the population, the advice should be: "if you consume alcohol, less is better".
本文综述了关于酒精饮料消费与个体及人群健康之间关系的科学证据。这些证据用于为有关此类消费的健康咨询提供信息。我们建议，在个体临床诊疗过程中，咨询应根据患者的临床特征（主要是年龄和心血管风险）进行调整，考虑患者的偏好（因为对于不喜欢饮酒的人来说，有替代酒精用于心血管预防的方法），并且要谨慎行事（“首要的是不伤害”）。对于人群，建议应为：“如果饮酒，越少越好”。
