Vizmanos B, Martí-Henneberg C, Clivillé R, Moreno A, Fernández-Ballart J
Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Human Reproduction, Growth and Child Development, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Am J Hum Biol. 2001 May-Jun;13(3):409-16. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.1065.
This paper analyzed the intensity and duration of height growth during puberty in boys and girls in relation to rhythm of maturation. A longitudinal clinical follow-up between ages of 10 and 20 years, was carried out in a sample of 251 children grouped according to age at pubertal onset: boys (genital stage 2) at the ages of 11 (n = 28), 12 (n = 38), 13 (n = 42), and 14 (n = 27); and girls (breast stage 2) at the ages of 10 (n = 37), 11 (n = 47), 12 (n = 19), and 13 (n = 13). Height was measured annually. Testicular volume and genital development were assessed in boys, and breast development was assessed in girls. There were significant differences (P < 0.001) in height at the age of pubertal onset among maturity groups. Late maturers were taller than early maturers (r = 0.49, P < 0.001 for girls; r = 0.38, P < 0.001 for boys). However, final heights did not differ according to age of onset in either sex. In boys, later onset of puberty was associated with a smaller pubertal height gain (r = -0.60, P < 0.001) and a shorter period of pubertal growth (r = -0.61, P < 0.001). Equally in girls, earlier onset of puberty was associated with a greater pubertal height gain (r = -0.68, P < 0.001) and a longer period of pubertal growth (r = -0.59, P < 0.001). In conclusion, age of pubertal onset does not affect final height attained in both sexes, since there is an inverse compensatory phenomenon in both sexes between height at pubertal onset and the intensity and duration of pubertal growth.
本文分析了男孩和女孩青春期身高增长的强度和持续时间与成熟节奏的关系。对251名儿童进行了10至20岁的纵向临床随访，这些儿童根据青春期开始的年龄分组：男孩（生殖器2期）在11岁（n = 28）、12岁（n = 38）、13岁（n = 42）和14岁（n = 27）；女孩（乳房2期）在10岁（n = 37）、11岁（n = 47）、12岁（n = 19）和13岁（n = 13）。每年测量身高。评估男孩的睾丸体积和生殖器发育情况，评估女孩的乳房发育情况。成熟组之间青春期开始时的身高存在显著差异（P < 0.001）。晚熟者比早熟者高（女孩r = 0.49，P < 0.001；男孩r = 0.38，P < 0.001）。然而，两性的最终身高并不因开始年龄而有所不同。在男孩中，青春期开始较晚与青春期身高增长较小（r = -0.60，P < 0.001）和青春期生长时间较短（r = -0.61，P < 0.001）相关。同样，在女孩中，青春期开始较早与青春期身高增长较大（r = -0.68，P < 0.001）和青春期生长时间较长（r = -0.59，P < 0.001）相关。总之，青春期开始的年龄并不影响两性达到的最终身高，因为在两性中青春期开始时的身高与青春期生长的强度和持续时间之间存在反向补偿现象。
