Wilson T
School of Nursing, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 221 Health Science Building, 2220 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO 64108-2676, USA.
J Pediatr Health Care. 2001 Jul-Aug;15(4):173-8. doi: 10.1067/mph.2001.110914.
Through school-based immunization programs, large numbers of children can be vaccinated in a cost-effective manner. Information from successful programs can be valuable to communities, schools, or pediatric health care providers considering the implementation of a school-based immunization program. The purpose of this study was to identify factors considered key to the success of a large bi-state, metropolitan, multi-school district, school-based, hepatitis B immunization program.
Immunizations were offered to 14,865 sixth-grade students in 16 school districts at 123 public and private school buildings. Personnel from 6 health departments and numerous volunteers administered the vaccines. Twenty-two semistructured interviews were conducted with a representative sample of program participants from schools, health departments, and the coordinating immunization coalition. A qualitative, grounded theory analysis was performed using data from the interviews.
The following categories emerged and were considered important issues in the success of a school-based program: organization, time, obtaining consent, educational opportunity, school support, and student tracking.
School-based immunization programs can be successful, but they require a coordinated effort with school support to meet the challenges of obtaining consent and tracking students.
通过基于学校的免疫规划，可以以具有成本效益的方式为大量儿童接种疫苗。成功项目的信息对于考虑实施基于学校的免疫规划的社区、学校或儿科医疗保健提供者来说可能很有价值。本研究的目的是确定一个大型的跨两个州的大都市多学区基于学校的乙肝免疫规划成功的关键因素。
在123所公立和私立学校建筑的16个学区，为14865名六年级学生提供免疫接种。来自6个卫生部门的人员和众多志愿者进行疫苗接种工作。对来自学校、卫生部门和免疫协调联盟的项目参与者代表样本进行了22次半结构化访谈。使用访谈数据进行了定性的扎根理论分析。
出现了以下几类情况，并被认为是基于学校的项目成功的重要问题：组织、时间、获得同意、教育机会、学校支持和学生追踪学生追踪。
基于学校的免疫规划可以取得成功，但需要在学校支持下进行协调努力，以应对获得同意和追踪学生的挑战。
