[Carpo-metacarpal dislocation injuries].

Carpometacarpal dislocations are rare. In most cases, the dislocation is caused by a violent injury, e.g. the crash of a motorcyclist or a fall from great height. A considerable swelling of the back of the hand may mask the characteristic lump at the root of the hand. The diagnosis can be easily missed due to serious associated injuries. The lesion is also often overlooked in the routine X-ray diagnostic. Lateral and oblique views are important for the recognition of the true extent of the lesion. Anatomical reposition is difficult if the dislocation is not fresh and open reposition is necessary. Between 1990 and 1999, altogether 16 patients who had suffered a carpometacarpal dislocation were treated. One patient had a rare dislocation of the III. to V. joints. Simultaneous dislocation of all five carpometacarpal joints was seen in three cases. The treatment mostly consists of closed reduction and temporary Kirschner wire transfixation. Fourteen patients were controlled (clinical examination and X-ray control) after an average follow-up time of three years. In addition, the DASH questionnaire was used. After an average time of 3 years the patients showed in 64% of the cases excellent and good results (eight excellent, one good). The subjective function of the hand was moderate in 29% (four patients), in one patient the subjective function was poor (7%). Five patients had a diminished range of motion of the hand. The average points in the DASH questionnaire were 24. We recommend as therapy of choice after primary closed repositioning, primary surgery by means of short Kirschner wires introduced from distal-dorsal to proximal-palmar. In cases of impossible closed reduction or in cases with local additional injuries, open treatment for fixation, is indicated.