Schuetz E G
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Dept. Pharmaceutical Sciences, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Curr Drug Metab. 2001 Jun;2(2):139-47. doi: 10.2174/1389200013338595.
Humans and rodents are exposed to many foreign compounds in their diet (e.g., herbal supplements such as St. John's wart), in their environment (e.g., organochlorine pesticides and polychorinated biphenyls), and as clinically prescribed drugs (e.g., rifampin and phenobarbital). In response to these exposures mammals have evolved mechanisms to induce proteins involved in xenobiotic detoxification. Metabolism by Phase I enzymes, particularly the heme containing monooxygenases cytochromes P450 is frequently the first line of defense against such xenobiotics.
人类和啮齿动物在饮食中会接触到许多外来化合物（例如，圣约翰草等草药补充剂）、环境中（例如，有机氯农药和多氯联苯）以及临床处方药（例如，利福平和平苯巴比妥）。作为对这些接触的反应，哺乳动物已经进化出诱导参与异生物质解毒的蛋白质的机制。由I相酶进行的代谢，特别是含血红素的单加氧酶细胞色素P450，通常是针对此类异生物质的第一道防线。
