Gerlach R W, Barker M L, Hyde J D, Jones M B, Cordero R E
Procter & Gamble Company, Health Care Research Center, Mason, OH, USA.
J Clin Dent. 2001;12(2):47-50.
Changing and whitening tooth color in people with long-standing tooth stain without excessive hard tissue abrasion may represent one of the more difficult challenges for whitening dentifrices. An eight-week clinical trial was conducted to evaluate change in tooth color by a silica-based, enamel-safe tartar control whitening dentifrice compared to a marketed baking soda dentifrice control. First, a screening exercise was conducted to identify individuals with long-standing extrinsic dental stain. This exercise targeted adults who reported "stained teeth" and coffee/tea drinking or smoking, but who had no recent history of dental prophylaxis. Targeted subjects were examined for stain (Lobene Index) and tooth shade/color (Vita). A total of 291 adults having extrinsic stain and discolored teeth were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomized to one of the two treatment groups, and all dentifrice use was unsupervised. Tooth color was measured at 4 and 8 weeks from shade values collected from the 8 incisors, and averages were determined from a linear ordering of the shade guide. A total of 278 evaluable subjects completed the 8-week study. Overall, the tartar control whitening dentifrice group experienced an improvement in color, differing statistically from baseline (p < 0.001) and from the marketed control (p < 0.05). Safety profiles for the two dentifrices were generally similar. Among patients with long-standing extrinsic stain, use of the tartar control whitening dentifrice resulted in superior overall tooth shade and reduced maximum or worst color compared to the marketed baking soda dentifrice control.
对于长期牙齿染色的人群，在不过度磨损硬组织的情况下改变牙齿颜色并使其美白，可能是美白牙膏面临的更具挑战性的难题之一。开展了一项为期八周的临床试验，以评估一款基于二氧化硅、对牙釉质安全的防牙石美白牙膏与一款市售小苏打牙膏相比，在牙齿颜色变化方面的效果。首先，进行了一项筛选活动，以确定有长期外源性牙齿染色的个体。这项活动针对那些报告有“牙齿染色”且有喝咖啡/茶或吸烟习惯，但近期没有进行过牙齿预防治疗的成年人。对目标受试者进行染色情况（洛贝内指数）和牙齿色度/颜色（维他）检查。共有291名有外源性染色和牙齿变色的成年人参与了该研究。受试者被随机分为两个治疗组之一，所有牙膏使用均无人监督。在第4周和第8周时，从8颗切牙收集色度值来测量牙齿颜色，并根据色度指南的线性排序确定平均值。共有278名可评估的受试者完成了为期8周的研究。总体而言，防牙石美白牙膏组的牙齿颜色有改善，与基线相比有统计学差异（p < 0.001），与市售对照牙膏相比也有统计学差异（p < 0.05）。两种牙膏的安全性概况总体相似。在有长期外源性染色的患者中，与市售小苏打对照牙膏相比，使用防牙石美白牙膏可使整体牙齿色度更佳，并降低最大或最差颜色。
