Richards J E, Turner E D
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Child Dev. 2001 Jul-Aug;72(4):963-72. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00328.
Distractibility during extended visual fixations in children 6 months to 2 years of age was examined. A children's Sesame Street movie (Follow That Bird) was presented to children (N = 40) for a minimum of 20 min while fixation was videotaped and heart rate was recorded. Distractors (computer-generated patterns or another Sesame Street movie) were presented on an adjacent television screen. Consistent with prior research with older preschool-age children, the latency to turn toward the distractor was a function of the length of the look occurring before distractor onset. For the period immediately before distractor onset, children had a greater sustained lowered heart rate for the trials on which they continued looking at the center television monitor than for the trials on which they looked toward the distractor. This pattern of distractibility suggests attention increases over the course of a look toward the television, and that heart rate changes reflect this increase in attention.
对6个月至2岁儿童在长时间视觉注视期间的注意力分散情况进行了研究。向40名儿童播放一部儿童芝麻街电影（《跟着那只鸟》），时长至少20分钟，同时录制他们的注视视频并记录心率。干扰物（计算机生成的图案或另一部芝麻街电影）呈现在相邻的电视屏幕上。与先前对年龄稍大的学龄前儿童的研究一致，转向干扰物的潜伏期是干扰物出现前注视时间长度的函数。在干扰物出现前的这段时间里，与转向干扰物的试验相比，儿童在继续注视中央电视监视器的试验中，心率持续降低的幅度更大。这种注意力分散模式表明，在注视电视的过程中注意力会增强，并且心率变化反映了注意力的这种增强。
