Nagler R M, Klein I, Reznick A Z
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Salivary Clinic and Oral Biochemistry Laboratory, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Harefuah. 2001 Jul;140(7):614-8, 677.
Saliva is the first body fluid to confront inhaled cigarette smoke (CS) which is injurious to the oral cavity and is associated with several oral diseases and cancer. We have recently demonstrated in an In vitro model that an exposure of saliva to nine 'puffs' of CS induced a distinct increase in protein carbonyls. This elevation of protein carbonyls caused by CS may be the result of aldehydes presented in the CS reacting with sulphydryl (-SH) groups of the proteins. Moreover, following the exposure to CS, the activities of several salivary enzymes amylase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) were found to be significantly reduced by 83%, 57% and 77%, respectively. However, CS had no effect on the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. In the current study we found that CS also reduced salivary peroxidase activity by no less than 80% which may be of a great importance to the clinical set up as peroxidase is considered a pivotal enzyme of the the salivary protecting system. Furthermore, in contrast to LDH findings in saliva, the LDH activity in plasma was not reduced following its exposure to CS.
Hence, we concluded that the loss of salivary enzyme activities may be due to various agents in the CS that affect the enzyme via different mechanisms.
唾液是最先接触吸入香烟烟雾（CS）的体液，香烟烟雾对口腔有害，与多种口腔疾病和癌症相关。我们最近在体外模型中证明，唾液暴露于9次“抽吸”的香烟烟雾中会导致蛋白质羰基含量明显增加。香烟烟雾引起的蛋白质羰基含量升高可能是由于香烟烟雾中的醛类与蛋白质的巯基（-SH）反应所致。此外，暴露于香烟烟雾后，几种唾液酶即淀粉酶、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）的活性分别显著降低了83%、57%和77%。然而，香烟烟雾对天冬氨酸转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性没有影响。在当前研究中，我们发现香烟烟雾还使唾液过氧化物酶活性降低了至少80%，这对临床情况可能非常重要，因为过氧化物酶被认为是唾液保护系统的关键酶。此外，与唾液中乳酸脱氢酶的结果不同，血浆中的乳酸脱氢酶活性在暴露于香烟烟雾后并未降低。
因此，我们得出结论，唾液酶活性的丧失可能是由于香烟烟雾中的各种成分通过不同机制影响酶所致。
