Kant J A
Pathology Residency Training Program, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Hum Pathol. 2001 Jul;32(7):677-9. doi: 10.1053/hupa.2001.26314.
The recruitment of most first-year pathology residents currently occurs via 2 systems: the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP), known as the Match, and an underground Out-of-Match process. Out-of-Match recruitment is not a sanctioned option for American medical school seniors. Recent declines in American seniors choosing pathology has intensified pressures to recruit good international medical graduates (IMGs). Pressures by programs on IMGs and by IMGs on programs result in the Out-of-Match recruitment of many IMGs who initially enroll in the NRMP. IMGs may be offered unsolicited Out-of-Match positions with a decision deadline even though they are still interviewing. Some are told if they decline an offer, they will not be ranked by that program in the NRMP process. To enhance apparent recruitment success, programs also feel pressured to participate in the Out-of-Match process, as well as offer positions before they have interviewed all applicants. Coercion of applicants and programs contravenes the spirit of the NRMP, compromises the ability of applicants and programs to best match needs, taints constructive interactions among program directors, and does not enhance pathology's image among applicants or in the broader medical community.
目前，大多数一年级病理学住院医师的招聘通过两种系统进行：全国住院医师匹配计划（NRMP），即所谓的“匹配”，以及一种不正规的“非匹配”程序。对于美国医学院的大四学生来说，“非匹配”招聘并非认可的选择。近年来，选择病理学专业的美国大四学生人数下降，这加大了招聘优秀国际医学毕业生（IMG）的压力。项目对IMG的压力以及IMG对项目的压力导致许多最初参加NRMP的IMG通过“非匹配”程序被招聘。即使IMG仍在面试，项目也可能主动向他们提供“非匹配”职位，并设定决定截止日期。一些人被告知，如果他们拒绝一个职位，该项目在NRMP程序中将不会把他们列入排名。为了提高表面上的招聘成功率，项目也感到有压力参与“非匹配”程序，并且在面试所有申请人之前就提供职位。对申请人和项目的强制违背了NRMP的精神，损害了申请人和项目实现最佳需求匹配的能力，破坏了项目主任之间的建设性互动，并且没有提升病理学在申请人或更广泛医学界中的形象。
