de Veer A J, Kerkstra A
Department of Nursing and Caring Research, Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Adv Nurs. 2001 Aug;35(3):427-34. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01858.x.
The purpose of this study was to examine determinants of feeling at home and in particular the privacy in nursing homes in The Netherlands. The first question was to what extent nursing homes differed in the degree residents feel at home and experience privacy. The second question was whether feeling at home is related to privacy in the nursing homes.
Feeling at home is of particular importance to residents of nursing homes because the average length of stay in The Netherlands is about 16 months. A growing number of people are of the opinion that the privacy of the residents has to be improved. Privacy in nursing homes, therefore, has been high on the political agenda over the last few years. Four aspects of privacy were distinguished: privacy related to the characteristics of the building, privacy as a consequence of the attitude of nurses towards residents, privacy in terms of choice and control over time schedules and activities, and privacy related to the amount of disturbance caused by other residents.
The data were collected from individual interviews with 686 residents and family-members in 36 nursing homes in The Netherlands.
Following quantitative data analysis, it was found that nursing homes differed in the proportion of residents feeling at home as well as in three aspects of privacy. Differences in feeling at home were found to be related to privacy, especially to the perceived attitudes of nurses and perceived disturbance caused by other residents. A weak relationship was found between residents and their perceived privacy of the building.
A significant amount of variation in privacy was found at the nursing home level. This implies that feeling at home is not only individually determined but can be influenced by the nursing home's management policy.
本研究旨在探讨养老院中居民“宾至如归”感受的决定因素，特别是隐私方面。第一个问题是养老院在居民“宾至如归”的程度以及隐私体验方面存在多大差异。第二个问题是“宾至如归”的感受与养老院中的隐私是否相关。
“宾至如归”的感受对养老院居民尤为重要，因为在荷兰，居民的平均居住时长约为16个月。越来越多的人认为必须改善居民的隐私状况。因此，养老院的隐私问题在过去几年一直是政治议程上的重要议题。隐私可分为四个方面：与建筑特征相关的隐私、护士对居民态度所导致的隐私、在时间安排和活动选择与控制方面的隐私，以及与其他居民造成的干扰程度相关的隐私。
数据收集自对荷兰36家养老院的686名居民及家属的个人访谈。
经过定量数据分析发现，各养老院在居民“宾至如归”的比例以及隐私的三个方面存在差异。“宾至如归”感受的差异与隐私相关，尤其是与对护士态度的感知以及其他居民造成的干扰感知有关。居民与他们对建筑隐私的感知之间存在微弱的关系。
在养老院层面发现隐私方面存在显著差异。这意味着“宾至如归”的感受不仅由个体决定，还会受到养老院管理政策的影响。
