Desjeux P
Communicable Diseases Surveillance and Response, Epidemic Disease Control, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001 May-Jun;95(3):239-43. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90223-8.
Economic development leads to changing interactions between humans and their physical and biological environment. Worldwide patterns of human settlement in urban areas have led in developing countries to a rapid growth of mega-cities where facilities for housing, drinking-water and sanitation are inadequate, thus creating opportunities for the transmission of communicable diseases such as leishmaniasis. Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world. Certain risk factors are new, while others previously known are becoming more significant. While some risk factors are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leishmaniasis. Risk factors are reviewed here entity by entity.
经济发展导致人类与其自然和生物环境之间的相互作用不断变化。在发展中国家，全球城市地区的人类居住模式导致特大城市迅速增长，而这些城市的住房、饮用水和卫生设施不足，从而为利什曼病等传染病的传播创造了机会。日益增加的风险因素使利什曼病成为世界许多国家日益关注的公共卫生问题。某些风险因素是新出现的，而其他一些已知的风险因素正变得更加显著。虽然一些风险因素与特定的生态流行病学实体相关，但其他因素则影响所有形式的利什曼病。本文将逐个实体地对风险因素进行综述。
