Sicé J
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1975 Aug;18(2):133-8. doi: 10.1002/cpt1975182133.
Prescriptions of major drug classes were surveyed for one year in five teaching and five nonteaching general hospitals. Their overall rates varied over a two- to three-fold range in medicine, surgery, and pediatrics, but were uniform throughout the hospitals. Parenteral fluids and antibiotics represented over one half of the pharmacotherapy used in every specialty except medicine, where tranquilizers were the most frequently prescribed drugs. Prescribing patterns lacked consistency in obstetrics and newborn services, and generally with steroids, vasopressors, and anticoagulants. Significant variations also involved the use of fluids in pediatrics, diuretics in surgery, and vasodilators in medicine. These variations were too unpredictable and large to be attributed to specific differences among patient populations. Only two discrepancies were noted between teaching and nonteaching hospitals: tranquilizers were prescribed more often in the former, and vasopressors in the latter.
在五家教学医院和五家非教学综合医院对主要药物类别的处方进行了为期一年的调查。在内科、外科和儿科，其总体使用率在两到三倍的范围内有所不同，但在各医院中是一致的。除内科外，胃肠外补液和抗生素占每个专科药物治疗的一半以上，在内科，镇静剂是最常开具的药物。产科和新生儿服务的处方模式缺乏一致性，类固醇、血管加压药和抗凝剂的处方模式通常也缺乏一致性。显著差异还涉及儿科液体的使用、外科利尿剂的使用以及内科血管扩张剂的使用。这些差异太不可预测且太大，无法归因于患者群体之间的具体差异。教学医院和非教学医院之间仅发现两个差异：前者更常开具镇静剂，后者更常开具血管加压药。
