Barkley R A, Murphy K R, Bush T
Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655, USA.
Neuropsychology. 2001 Jul;15(3):351-60. doi: 10.1037//0894-4105.15.3.351.
Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 104) were compared with a control group (n = 64) on time estimation and reproduction tasks. Results were unaffected by ADHD subtype or gender. The ADHD group provided larger time estimations than the control group, particularly at long intervals. This became nonsignificant after controlling for IQ. The ADHD group made shorter reproductions than did the control group (15- and 60-s intervals) and greater reproduction errors (12-, 45-, 60-s durations). These differences remained after controlling for IQ and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder, depression, and anxiety. Only the level of anxiety contributed to errors (at 12-s duration) beyond the level of ADHD. Results extended findings on time perception in ADHD children to adults and ruled out comorbidity as the basis of the errors.
将患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD；n = 104）的成年人与一个对照组（n = 64）在时间估计和复制任务上进行了比较。结果不受ADHD亚型或性别的影响。ADHD组给出的时间估计比对照组更大，尤其是在长间隔时间时。在控制智商后，这种差异变得不显著。ADHD组的复制时间比对照组短（15秒和60秒间隔），且复制误差更大（12秒、45秒、60秒时长）。在控制智商以及共病的对立违抗障碍、抑郁和焦虑后，这些差异仍然存在。只有焦虑水平导致了超出ADHD水平的误差（在12秒时长时）。研究结果将ADHD儿童时间感知的研究结果扩展到了成年人，并排除了共病作为误差基础的可能性。
