Walg Marco, Prior Helmut
Sana-Klinikum, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Remscheid, Germany1.
2.
Adv Cogn Psychol. 2021 Aug 23;17(3):212-220. doi: 10.5709/acp-0330-y. eCollection 2021.
There is increasing evidence that timing deficits represent a primary cause of key symptoms in ADHD. However, results in experiments on timing may vary with different methods of assessing timing competencies. The present study directly compared two central paradigms, namely, prospective and retrospective time estimation in children with ( = 30) and without ( = 29) ADHD. In both conditions, durations were estimated considerably longer by children with ADHD. Children with ADHD significantly overestimated the real duration of the task compared to children without ADHD in the retrospective but not in the prospective condition. In general, prospective estimates were more accurate than retrospective ones. The findings corroborate the essential role that timing deficits and a faster internal clock play in ADHD. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the importance of careful differentiation between prospective and retrospective time estimation.
越来越多的证据表明，时间感知缺陷是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）关键症状的主要原因。然而，时间感知实验的结果可能因评估时间感知能力的不同方法而有所差异。本研究直接比较了两种核心范式，即患有ADHD（n = 30）和未患有ADHD（n = 29）的儿童的前瞻性和回顾性时间估计。在两种情况下，ADHD儿童估计的持续时间都长得多。与未患ADHD的儿童相比，患ADHD的儿童在回顾性条件下显著高估了任务的实际持续时间，但在前瞻性条件下则没有。一般来说，前瞻性估计比回顾性估计更准确。这些发现证实了时间感知缺陷和更快的内部时钟在ADHD中所起的重要作用。此外，结果表明仔细区分前瞻性和回顾性时间估计的重要性。
