Dill R E, Jones D L, Gillin J C, Murphy G
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1979 May;10(5):711-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(79)90323-x.
The systemic administration of L-DOPA and carbidopa to six rhesus and four squirrel monkeys produced an initial period of depressed activity followed by increased locomotion, hypervigilance, involuntary oral-facial movements and a gnawing syndrome. The squirrel monkey exhibited a depressed phase, locomotor stimulation, searching behavior, stereotypic grooming and gnawing syndrome. Most of these activities were prevented by pretreatment with 0.1 mg/kg haloperidol. Bilateral injection of 100 microgram dopamine into the mesolimbic forebrain of four squirrel monkeys also produced an initial depression followed by hyperactivity similar to that produced by L-DOPA, but without gnawing. A stereotyped submissive or juvenile posturing occurred in three animals. These DA-induced activities were blocked by 0.1 mg/kg haloperidol. Similar injection of 100 microgram L-norepinephrine produced a profound depression followed by moderate activity coupled with loss of extensor muscle strength in the legs. Bilateral injection of 300 microgram dopamine into the nucleus accumbens of a rhesus monkey produced stereotypic pacing. These data confirm in primates the importance of dopaminergic mechanisms of the mesolimbic forebrain in locomotor activity and behavior.
对六只恒河猴和四只松鼠猴进行左旋多巴和卡比多巴的全身给药后，最初出现活动抑制期，随后出现运动增加、过度警觉、不自主的口面部运动和啃咬综合征。松鼠猴表现出抑郁期、运动刺激、搜寻行为、刻板梳理和啃咬综合征。这些活动大多可通过预先注射0.1mg/kg氟哌啶醇来预防。对四只松鼠猴的中脑边缘前脑双侧注射100微克多巴胺，也会先出现抑郁，随后出现类似于左旋多巴引起的多动，但无啃咬现象。三只动物出现了刻板的顺从或幼年姿势。这些多巴胺诱导的活动被0.1mg/kg氟哌啶醇阻断。类似地，注射100微克L-去甲肾上腺素会先出现深度抑郁，随后是适度活动，并伴有腿部伸肌力量丧失。对一只恒河猴的伏隔核双侧注射300微克多巴胺会产生刻板的踱步行为。这些数据证实了在灵长类动物中，中脑边缘前脑的多巴胺能机制在运动活动和行为中的重要性。
