Orcutt H K, Goodman G S, Tobey A E, Batterman-Faunce J M, Thomas S
Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA.
Law Hum Behav. 2001 Aug;25(4):339-72. doi: 10.1023/a:1010603618330.
This study examined the influence of closed-circuit television (CCTV) on jurors' abilities to detect deception in children's testimony. Children ages 7-9 individually played games and made a video movie with a male confederate. In the guilty condition, stickers were placed on exposed body parts (i.e., the child's arm, toes, and bellybutton). In the not-guilty and deception conditions, stickers were placed on the child's clothing rather than on bare skin. Approximately 3 weeks later, mock jurors recruited from the community viewed child participants testify either in a traditional courtroom setting or via one-way CCTV. The mock jurors responded to questions about the child witness and the defendant as well as deliberated to reach a verdict. Children in the deception condition were asked to testify as if the stickers had been placed on exposed body parts rather than on their clothing. Predeliberation, jurors were less likely to convict when a child testified in the deception condition as opposed to the guilty condition. These differences disappeared following deliberation. There was no support for the notion that jurors reach the truth better when children testify in open court versus via CCTV. Implications for jurors' abilities to reach the truth are discussed.
本研究考察了闭路电视（CCTV）对陪审员辨别儿童证言中欺骗行为能力的影响。7至9岁的儿童分别与一名男性同谋玩游戏并制作视频电影。在有罪情境中，贴纸贴在身体暴露部位（即孩子的手臂、脚趾和肚脐）。在无罪和欺骗情境中，贴纸贴在孩子的衣服上而非裸露的皮肤上。大约三周后，从社区招募的模拟陪审员观看儿童参与者在传统法庭环境中或通过单向闭路电视作证。模拟陪审员回答关于儿童证人及被告的问题，并进行审议以达成裁决。处于欺骗情境中的儿童被要求作证时就好像贴纸贴在身体暴露部位而非衣服上。在审议前，与有罪情境相比，当儿童在欺骗情境中作证时，陪审员定罪的可能性较小。审议后这些差异消失了。没有证据支持这样的观点，即与通过闭路电视作证相比，儿童在公开法庭作证时陪审员能更好地查明真相。文中讨论了对陪审员查明真相能力的影响。
