Salisbury J L
Tumor Biology Program, Mayo Clinic Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2001 Apr;6(2):203-12. doi: 10.1023/a:1011312808421.
The centrosome is the major microtubule organizing center of the cell and as such it plays an important role in cytoskeletal organization and in the formation of the bipolar mitotic spindle. Centrosome defects, characterized by abnormal size, number, and microtubule nucleation capacity, are distinguishing features of most high grade breast tumors and have been implicated as a possible cause for the loss of tissue architecture and the origin of mitotic abnormalities seen in solid tumors in general. Centrosome defects arise through uncoupling of centriole duplication and the cell cycle as a result of either genetic alterations or through physical or chemical perturbation of centrosome function. Centrosomes manifest unique epigenetic properties whereby positional or structural information can be propagated through somatic cell lineages by way of nongenetic pathways. Because aberrant centrosome function can result in chromosomal instability, these properties may have important implications for the origin of malignant breast tumors.
中心体是细胞主要的微管组织中心，因此在细胞骨架组织以及双极有丝分裂纺锤体的形成中发挥重要作用。中心体缺陷表现为大小、数量及微管成核能力异常，是大多数高级别乳腺肿瘤的显著特征，并且被认为是实体瘤中组织结构丧失和有丝分裂异常起源的可能原因。中心体缺陷是由于基因改变或中心体功能受到物理或化学干扰，导致中心粒复制与细胞周期解偶联而产生的。中心体表现出独特的表观遗传特性，通过非遗传途径，位置或结构信息可在体细胞谱系中传递。由于异常的中心体功能可导致染色体不稳定，这些特性可能对恶性乳腺肿瘤的起源具有重要意义。
